Genetic variability, combining ability and molecular diversity-based parental line selection for heterosis breeding in field corn (Zea mays L.)

Mukri, Ganapati; Patil, Meghashri S; Motagi, B N; Bhat, Jayant S.; Singh, Chandan; Kumar, Sanjay; Gadag, R. N.; Gupta, Nitika; Simal-Gándara, Jesús

doi:10.1007/s11033-022-07295-3

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Considering disease pressure characters, CM‐500 (Group 5) is one of the best resistant lines recorded in this study to consider for cultivation despite its low yield (2.855 t/ha) compared to other resistant lines like 11074 (Group 2) as shown in Tables 3 and 4. As in the study of Liu et al (2003), Azad et al (2012), Kumar et al (2015), Sood et al (2017), Kandel et al (2018), Singh et al (2019), Zawadi et al (2021), and Mukri et al (2022), current study results are in confirmatory with their findings regrading mean values between inbred lines forming clusters.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Sood et al (2017),Kandel et al (2018),Singh et al (2019),Zawadi et al (2021), andMukri et al (2022), current study results are in confirmatory with their findings regrading mean values between inbred lines forming clusters.3.7 | Designation of resistant and susceptible genotypes after disease quantificationTolerance and resistance are two mechanisms against parasitism in crops. All cultivated plants come from wild species (e.g.…”

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confidence: 85%

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Rapid screening for resistance of maize inbred and hybrid lines against southern corn leaf blight

Shukuru,

Archana,

Kangela

2023

Journal of Phytopathology

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Bipolaris is one of the most important phytopathogenic fungal genera to cause disease in cereal crops. Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) is a pandemic and widespread disease; it's found everywhere corn is grown, causing a noticeable reduction in crop yield. Most cultivated varieties of maize do not resist SCLB disease where it is reported. Nevertheless, previous researchers have reported some resistant varieties of maize. In this study, we tested inbred and hybrid lines collected from ICAR‐IIMR based in Ludhiana against the disease. The field experiment was setup using a Randomized Block Design with three replications in natural conditions. Here we evaluated lines by quantifying disease pressure, yield, and their attributes. Moreover, model‐based clustering allowed the identification of five groups. For the SCLB disease confirmation, infected maize leaves were collected and used for pathogen isolation, and a pure culture was maintained. Both disease assessment and data analysis focused more specifically on characters that showed significant differences between means, especially leaf area, percentage of leaf infection, disease incidence, disease severity, disease index by plot basis, number of grain rows formed per ear, weight of maize kernels per ear, each corn ear weight, shelling percentage, and grain yield. The two best clusters identified, namely Group 1 and Group 2, together comprise 11002, 11009, 11026, 11030, 11069, 11149, 11153, 11185, 11328, 11333, 11337, 11347, 11370, 11385, 11074, 11351, 11356, 11357, 11608, and Karav‐8523 lines. As per disease reaction, CM‐500 is individually one of the best lines in terms of SCLB resistance. Specific symptoms were clearly found on leaves, and pseudo‐septate conidia were observed under the microscope. Thus, several lines exhibited highly resistant reactions against SCLB, especially 11002, 11009, 11026, 11069, 11074, 11337, 11347, 11385, and CM‐500, and can still be recommended for farmers and in breeding programmes, for future usefulness as industries are complaining of maize shortages, and they present a great commercial potential.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

supporting

confidence: 85%

Rapid screening for resistance of maize inbred and hybrid lines against southern corn leaf blight

Shukuru,

Archana,

Kangela

2023

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Statistical analyses were made using SPSS software (version 19.0; IBM, Armonk, New York, NY, USA). Significance ( p < 0.05) was determined using a Duncan’s multiple range test [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Stress Inhibits Photosynthesis and Destroys Chloroplast Structure by Downregulating Chloroplast Development–Related Genes in Robinia pseudoacacia Seedlings

Liu

et al. 2023

Plants

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Soil salinization is an important factor limiting food security and ecological stability. As a commonly used greening tree species, Robinia pseudoacacia often suffers from salt stress that can manifest as leaf yellowing, decreased photosynthesis, disintegrated chloroplasts, growth stagnation, and even death. To elucidate how salt stress decreases photosynthesis and damages photosynthetic structures, we treated R. pseudoacacia seedlings with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) for 2 weeks and then measured their biomass, ion content, organic soluble substance content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic parameters, chloroplast ultrastructure, and chloroplast development-related gene expression. NaCl treatment significantly decreased biomass and photosynthetic parameters, but increased ion content, organic soluble substances, and ROS content. High NaCl concentrations (100–200 mM) also led to distorted chloroplasts, scattered and deformed grana lamellae, disintegrated thylakoid structures, irregularly swollen starch granules, and larger, more numerous lipid spheres. Compared to control (0 mM NaCl), the 50 mM NaCl treatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity while upregulating the expression of the ion transport-related genes Na+/H+ exchanger 1(NHX 1) and salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS 1) and the chloroplast development-related genes psaA, psbA, psaB, psbD, psaC, psbC, ndhH, ndhE, rps7, and ropA. Additionally, high concentrations of NaCl (100–200 mM) decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and downregulated the expression of ion transport- and chloroplast development-related genes. These results showed that although R. pseudoacacia can tolerate low concentrations of NaCl, high concentrations (100–200 mM) can damage chloroplast structure and disturb metabolic processes by downregulating gene expression.

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“…Genetic characterization of maize using molecular markers has been done in inbred lines and populations, lowland tropical, subtropical midaltitude highland inbred lines, tropical maize germplasm, and many others (Warburton et al, 2002;Xia et al, 2004;George et al, 2004;Xia et al, 2005;Qi-Lun et al, 2008;Mukri et al, 2022). However, aside from the study conducted by Bautista et al (2015), the genetic diversity of Philippine traditional maize populations has not been investigated thoroughly using molecular markers, which are more informative and indicative of unique allelic profiles (Warburton et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity Among the Philippine Traditional Maize (Zea Mays L.) Populations Based on SSR Markers

GUEVARRA¹,

PARIL²,

GARDOCE³

et al. 2022

SABRAOJBG

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This paper reports the first genetic diversity analysis of Philippine traditional maize populations performed through a cost-effective DNA pooling strategy. The diversity among selected 100 traditional maize populations collected from Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao was evaluated using twenty simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers at the Institute of Plant Breeding, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. A total of 138 bands ranging from two to 12 bands per primer were detected. The average number of polymorphic alleles, polymorphism rate, effective multiplex ratio, marker index, resolving power, and expected heterozygosity are 6.283, 87.17%, 5.798, 4.104, 15.897, and 0.658, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) varied between 0.141 to 0.848, with an average value of 0.620. A dendrogram was constructed with a dissimilarity coefficient ranging from 0.14 to 0.55 and a mean dissimilarity index of 0.425. Cluster analysis revealed 13 groups based on the result of Approximately Unbiased (AU) p-values from 10,000 bootstrap iterations. The cluster analysis enabled the classification of populations with ambiguous places of origin. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed higher within-population diversity (70%) than among-population diversity (30%) with PhiPT (pairwise genetic differentiation metric) of 0.298 (P = 0.001). These results revealed the significant diversity of traditional maize populations in the Philippines and the power of SSR markers in diversity and cluster analyses despite the age of this marker technology. These findings will aid plant breeders in developing approaches towards knowledgeable and efficient execution of breeding programs using traditional maize populations.

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Genetic variability, combining ability and molecular diversity-based parental line selection for heterosis breeding in field corn (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Rapid screening for resistance of maize inbred and hybrid lines against southern corn leaf blight

Rapid screening for resistance of maize inbred and hybrid lines against southern corn leaf blight

Salt Stress Inhibits Photosynthesis and Destroys Chloroplast Structure by Downregulating Chloroplast Development–Related Genes in Robinia pseudoacacia Seedlings

Genetic Diversity Among the Philippine Traditional Maize (Zea Mays L.) Populations Based on SSR Markers

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