Genetic Variabilities of Agronomic Traits and Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistance of High Yielding Rice Varieties

Abstract

<p class="abstrakinggris">Hundred of high yielding and bacterial leaf blight (<em>Xanthomonas oryzae</em> pv. <em>oryzae, Xoo</em>) resistant rice varieties released since the 1960s are important sources of genetic materials for exploring superior genotypes. The study aimed to evaluate the genetic resistance of 177 rice varieties to <em>Xoo</em> and their agronomic traits. The evaluations were conducted at the Indonesian Center for Rice Research Experimental Station during the wet season (December 2015-March 2016). The bacterial leaf blight resistance was evaluated for <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes III, IV, and VIII using the clipping method. The genetic variation among genotypes was categorized as low (0–10%), medium (10–20%), and high (>20%), whereas the heritability was categorized as low (0-30%), medium (30-60%), and high (>60%). The variability of resistance to <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes, grain yield, and spikelet fertility was low, while the variability of plant height, productive tiller number, filled grain, and total spikelet was medium, and the variability of unfilled grain number was high. The 29 varieties were categorized as superior based on their agronomic traits or resistance to <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes. In conclusion, Batutegi and Fatmawati were superior in the total spikelet number, while Rojolele and Inpari 2 were supreme in the thousand-grain weight. Dodokan had a very short maturity, and Inpari 24, Conde, Kalimas, Angke, Inpari 17, and Inpara 8 had the highest resistance to <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes. The study implies that the identified rice superior genotypes could be used as genetic materials to design cross combinations for higher yield potential and BLB resistance varietal improvement.</p>

Parameter Genetik Dan Analisis Hubungan Antar Sifat Pada Generasi F2 Padi Hasil Persilangan Inpari 31 X Basmati Delta 9

“…Beras merupakan bahan pangan penting yang memiliki nilai strategis dari segi ekonomi, lingkungan, sosial dan politik (Hermanto, 2017). Beras dikonsumsi sebagai bahan makanan pokok oleh 95% penduduk Indonesia (Sembiring, et al, 2010) dan mencukupi 62,1% kebutuhan akan energi (Nafisah et al, 2020). Kondisi ini menuntut beras tersedia dalam keadaan cukup.…”

Respons komponen hasil dan hasil varietas padi berprotein tinggi terhadap pemberian dosis pupuk nitrogen

“…Beras adalah bahan pangan utama bagi 95% penduduk Indonesia (Sembiring, 2010), menyumbang 62,1% dari total kebutuhan energi (Nafisah et al, 2020). Produksi beras Indonesia tahun 2021 adalah 31,36 juta ton beras (BPS, 2022), dan kebutuhan beras Indonesia tahun 2024 diprediksi sebesar 31,49 juta ton (Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian, 2020), maka diperlukan peningkatan produksi beras.…”

The potential of beneficial microbes to suppress the development of bacterial leaf blight in rice plants caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

“…However, controlling the disease using resistant varieties has not given good results because Xoo bacteria have a high diversity of pathotypes and gene mutability. This condition makes Xoo easily able to break host plant resistance genes (Nafisah et al 2019). Control of BLB using bactericides can potentially suppress BLB disease in the field.…”