Genetic System, Variation, and Adaptation in Eschscholzia californica

Cook, Stanton A.

doi:10.2307/2406277

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Goodwillie ). Cook () states that anemophily in E . californica could be facilitated by the large amount of pollen produced by the flowers and size of the pollen grains (29–55 × 29–36 μm), which is similar to that of other wind‐pollinated species (Heusser ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Leger & Rice ). The species is native to western North America, where it is mainly insect‐pollinated (Cook ). Cook () also stated that E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species is native to western North America, where it is mainly insect‐pollinated (Cook ). Cook () also stated that E . californica presents anemophily; however, the importance of this type of pollination has not been evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Number of conspecifics and reproduction in the invasive plant Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae): is there a pollinator‐mediated Allee effect?

et al. 2015

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The component Allee effect has been defined as ‘a positive relationship between any measure of individual fitness and the number or density of conspecifics’. Larger plant populations or large patches have shown a higher pollinator visitation rate, which may give rise to an Allee effect in reproduction of the plants. We experimentally tested the effect of number of conspecifics on reproduction and pollinator visitation in Eschscholzia californica Cham., an invasive plant in Chile. We then built patches with two, eight and 16 flowering individuals of E. californica (11 replicates per treatment) in an area characterised by dominance of the study species. We found that E. californica exhibits a component Allee effect, as the number of individuals of this species has a positive effect on individual seed set. However, individual fruit production was not affected by the number of plants examined. Pollinator visitation rate was also independent of the number of plants, so this factor would not explain the Allee effect. This rate was positively correlated with the total number of flowers in the patches. We also found that the number of plants did not affect the seed mass or proportion of germinated seeds in the patches. Higher pollen availability in patches with 16 plants and pollination by wind could explain the Allee effect. The component Allee effect identified could lead to a weak demographic Allee effect that might reduce the rate of spread of E. californica. Knowledge of this would be useful for management of this invasive plant in Chile.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Leger & Rice ). The species is native to western North America, where it is mainly insect‐pollinated (Cook ). Cook () also stated that E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Number of conspecifics and reproduction in the invasive plant Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae): is there a pollinator‐mediated Allee effect?

et al. 2015

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“…Eschscholzia californica is a diploid species, with a partially self‐compatible mating system, characterized by a low propensity to self‐fertilize (Wright, ), and thus predominantly requires insects for pollen transfer (Becker, Gleissberg, & Smyth, ). It possesses large, open flowers and is visited by a variety of insects from the orders: Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera (summarized in; Cook, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Florally rich habitats reduce insect pollination and the reproductive success of isolated plants

Evans

Cavers

Ennos

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Landscape heterogeneity in floral communities has the potential to modify pollinator behavior. Pollinator foraging varies with the diversity, abundance, and spatial configuration of floral resources. However, the implications of this variation for pollen transfer and ultimately the reproductive success of insect pollinated plants remains unclear, especially for species which are rare or isolated in the landscape. We used a landscape‐scale experiment, coupled with microsatellite genotyping, to explore how the floral richness of habitats affected pollinator behavior and pollination effectiveness. Small arrays of the partially self‐compatible plant Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica) were introduced across a landscape gradient to simulate rare, spatially isolated populations. The effects on pollinator activity, outcrossing, and plant reproduction were measured. In florally rich habitats, we found reduced pollen movement between plants, leading to fewer long‐distance pollination events, lower plant outcrossing, and a higher incidence of pollen limitation. This pattern indicates a potential reduction in per capita pollinator visitation, as suggested by the lower activity densities and richness of pollinators observed within florally rich habitats. In addition, seed production reduced by a factor of 1.8 in plants within florally rich habitats and progeny germination reduced by a factor of 1.2. We show this to be a consequence of self‐fertilization within the partially self‐compatible plant, E. californica. These findings indicate that locally rare plants are at a competitive disadvantage within florally rich habitats because neighboring plant species disrupt conspecific mating by co‐opting pollinators. Ultimately, this Allee effect may play an important role in determining the long‐term persistence of rarer plants in the landscape, both in terms of seed production and viability. Community context therefore requires consideration when designing and implementing conservation management for plants which are comparatively rare in the landscape.

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“…Whatever the actual movement of pollen and seeds in natural and artificial populations, it is sufficiently restricted as to be overriden by natural selection. This is reflected in the fact that the pattern of differentiation is in accord with the pattern of the environment even when the environment varies over distances of less than 100 m (e.g., Galium pumilum, Ehrendorfer, 1953; Agrostis tenuis, Bradshaw, 1959, McNeilly, 1968 Eschscholtzia calijornica, Cook, 1962; Agrostis stolonijera, Aston and Bradshaw, 1966; Potentilla erecta, Watson, 1970;Anthoxanthum odoratum, Snaydon, 1970, Davies andSnaydon, 1973a,b). In fact, the discontinuities among neighboring populations within these and many other species, especially those that are self-compatible, may be as great as those reported between populations isolated by distance in the Aegean (Snogerup, 1967;Strid, 1970) and Caribbean (Morley, 1972) archipelagos.…”

Section: Cbnclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Biology

1975

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Genetic System, Variation, and Adaptation in Eschscholzia californica

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Number of conspecifics and reproduction in the invasive plant Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae): is there a pollinator‐mediated Allee effect?

Number of conspecifics and reproduction in the invasive plant Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae): is there a pollinator‐mediated Allee effect?

Florally rich habitats reduce insect pollination and the reproductive success of isolated plants

Evolutionary Biology

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