Genetic Structure, Differentiation and Originality of Pinus sylvestris L. Populations in the East of the East European Plain

Abstract

In order to carry out activities aimed at conservation and rational use of forest resources; it is necessary to study the main forest-forming plant species in detail. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) is mainly found in the boreal forests of Eurasia and is not so often encountered in the east of the East European Plain. The aim of the study was to study the genetic diversity, structure and differentiation of Scots pine populations in the east of the East European Plain. We studied ten populations of P. sylvestris using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR)-based DNA polymorphism detection method. Natural populations are demonstrated by relatively high rates of genetic diversity (He = 0.167; ne = 1.279; I = 0.253). At the same time, there is a tendency for a decrease in the genetic diversity of the studied populations of P. sylvestris from west to east. Analysis of the genetic structure shows that the studied populations are highly differentiated (GST = 0.439), the intrapopulation component accounts for about 56% of the genetic diversity. Using various algorithms for determining the spatial genetic structure, it is found that the studied populations form two groups of populations in accordance with geographic location. With the help of a genetic originality coefficient, populations with specific and typical gene pools are identified. They are recommended as sources of genetic diversity and reserves for the conservation of genetic resources of the species.

Genetic Diversity, Structure, and Differentiation of Pinus sylvestris L. Populations in the East European Plain and the Middle Urals

“…The data obtained indicate the origin of several genetically differentiated populations and their groups in P. sylvestris in the study areas. A similar pattern was observed in previous studies in these regions, on a smaller number of populations [33,44]. The high differentiation may be due to the fragmentation of the area of P. sylvestris in the region under study.…”

“…PCR reactions were performed in a 25 µL reaction mixture containing 25 ng of template DNA, 1 × PCR buffer with 2.5 mM MgCl 2 , 1 µM ISSR primer, 0.25 mM each dNTP, and 2 U Taq DNA polymerase (Sileks M, Russia). PCR amplification was carried out in a SimpliAmp™ Thermal Cycler (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) under the following conditions: initial denaturation step at 94 • C for 2 min, followed by 32 amplifications at 94 • C for 20 s, at 52-64 • C (depending on primer sequence) [32] for 30 s, and at 72 • C for 60 s, followed by a final extension of 72 • C for 3 min (Table 1) [33]. All primers were tested to assess the genetic diversity of P. sylvestris using PCR amplification for ISSR profiling.…”

Genetic Structure and Geographical Differentiation of Larix sibirica Ledeb. in the Urals

“…The species range fragmentation reduces the possibilities of gene flow between populations when mixing their gene pools, causes genetic drift, and increases the frequency of closely related crossing [55]. All these processes reduce the adaptive potential of trees [56] due to the influence on the genetic diversity and structure of populations [57]. We revealed the relationship between geographical and genetic distances, but only for mountain populations (Irm, Kul, Kch, Tul, Ish).…”

Genetic Structure and Historical Dynamics of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. Populations

“…rubescens (0.0026) [22] was lower than that of P. densiflora. Similarly, the H E (0.2594) was higher than that of P. sylvestris (0.167) [59] and P. tabulaeformis (0.206) [60] but lower than that of P. koraiensis (0.352) [55]. Therefore, the genetic diversity (θ π = 0.0039) of P. densiflora was relatively high among conifer species.…”