Genetic resistance of dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) to anthracnose, black mold, and angular leaf spot

Cardoso, J. E.; Cavalcanti, José Jaime Vasconcelos; Cavalcante, M. de J. B.; Aragão, Maria do Livramento; Felipe, E. M.

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(98)00084-2

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Severe damage on adult plants results in defoliation during shoot development, death of inflorescences and later necrosis and falling of immature nuts (Freire and Cardoso, 2003). Damage assessment can therefore be done at any of the above stages depending on the purpose of the evaluation, which can be fungicide (Da Matta and Lellis, 1973) or germplasm screening (Cardoso et al, 1999), or epidemiological investigations (McRoberts et al, 2003;Cardoso et al, 2004). In any of the above approaches, terminology such as disease incidence, disease severity, disease density and others are commonly used to measure the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of cashew anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) in Mozambique

2013

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Anthracnose of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) was studies on various genotypes and locations in Mozambique. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was identified as the anthracnose causal agent using polymerase chain reaction. The relationships between incidence and severity of anthracnose on cashew genotypes were statistically analyzed by regression. Anthracnose leaf incidence, which is practically easy to evaluate, was consistently associated with leaf severity, and their relationships can be estimated using the restricted exponential function across locations, crop seasons, genotype and fungicide trials. Pooled data enabled estimation of initial incidence of 1.43% with percentage variance accounting for 83.2 and standard error of 8.3. By computing incidence data into the summary equation, 24 changes of 0, 1, 5, 10 and 40%, resulted in changes of severity estimates of 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 and 1.00%, respectively. The maximum disease incidence was estimated as 80% when the severity reached only 5%. Increase in severity was observed afterward, approached a maximum of 25% when leaf detachment is observed. The use of incidence data for epidemic comparisons, genotype and fungicide evaluation in cashew orchards is recommended. Anthracnose incidence on leaves however, could not predict incidence on nuts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of cashew anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) in Mozambique

2013

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“…O caju (Anacardium occidentale L.) é um fruto típico do nordeste brasileiro e cada vez mais o seu cultivo adquire maior importância socioeconômica 4 . Do total produzido anualmente na região Nordeste, 15% é aproveitado para a fabricação do suco.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação da atividade antioxidante dos compostos fenólicos naturalmente presentes em subprodutos do pseudofruto de caju (Anacardium occidentale L.)

Broinizi¹,

Andrade-Wartha²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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This study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity of cashew apple pulp and raw concentrated extract. The antioxidant potential of aqueous (EAq) and alcoholic (EAlc) extracts and of free phenolic acids (FPA) and esterified (soluble -SPA and insoluble -IPA) fractions of the by-products of the cashew apple clone CCP-76 were evaluated in a β-carotene-linoleate system by the free radical [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•)] scavenging assay and the Rancimat test. In addition, the total phenolic content and phenolic acid profile were determined using Folin-Ciocateau reagent and gas chromatography, respectively. The EAq and the FPA fraction of the by-products showed the highest phenolic content. The phenolic acid fractions generally displayed stronger antioxidant activity than the extracts tested with the β-carotene-linoleate and DPPH systems. However, in the Rancimat test, the extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than the fractions and BHT. Nine phenolic acids (gallic, ferulic, caffeic, protocatechuic, quinic, cinnamic, gentisic, p-coumaric and salicylic acids), which give the fractions their antioxidant potential, were identified and quantified (both free and esterified forms). These results characterized the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the pulp and raw concentrated extract of the cashew apple clone CCP-76.

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“…The five dwarf cashew clones used in this work were included in the field trials reported by Cardoso et al (1999), when these authors evaluated disease levels on dwarf cashew clones over two seasons in Brazil, but their performance differed slightly, once that CAP-14 was the most resistant and CCP-09 the most susceptible in the field. This probably happened because of the phenology of the crop, and the timing of leaf emergence (flushing) and blossoming.…”

Section: -235 March/april 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such trees were grown widely-spaced in a semi-wild state and this, combined with the high level of heterozygosity in the crop, restricted the amount of disease present. With the introduction of vegetatively-propagated dwarf clones of cashew, which are more uniform for agronomic characteristics (Barros and Crisóstomo, 1995), outbreaks of several diseases have become more prevalent in commercial orchards (Cardoso et al, 1999 Sp. and Schrenk], is widely distributed throughout the cashew-growing areas of the world, and has caused economic losses also in Brazil (Freire et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Schrenk], is widely distributed throughout the cashew-growing areas of the world, and has caused economic losses also in Brazil (Freire et al, 2002). The only practical management strategy for this pathogen involves general sanitation practices and chemical control (Cardoso et al, 1999), but the preferred option should be the use of clones with improved resistance to the pathogen. However, any breeding programme must take into account the variation in the pathogen population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reaction of dwarf cashew clones to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates in controlled environment

López¹,

Lucas

2010

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) crop is an important source of income for the population of the Brazilian Northeast, and anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides leads to significant production loss. However, there is little information on either the host resistance or the variation in the aggressiveness of the pathogen under controlled environment. The reaction of commercial (CCP-06, CCP-09, CCP-76 and CCP-1001) and one non-commercial (CAP-14) dwarf cashew clones was assessed against 36 isolates of this fungus controlled environmental conditions. All the isolates, including those from hosts other than cashew, were able to cause lesions on leaves and stems of most clones, albeit to different degrees. Clone CCP-06 was the most susceptible, while clone CCP-1001 showed a level of resistance to a number of the isolates, including isolate 905, while isolates 910 and 912 were aggressive to all clones. Injury increased the susceptibility of the clones to all isolates, indicating that resistance also might be associated with structural barriers that hinder penetration. Ripened cashew apples (8-week-old), of commercial clones were susceptible to isolates 905 and 910. Immature pseudo-fruits (2-week-old), with exception of clone CCP-76 which was susceptible to both isolates showed resistance against these isolates, suggesting the presence of structural and chemical barriers. Developed nuts (8-week-old), however, were more resistant than immature nuts (2-weekold) to both isolates, probably due to their thicker exocarp cuticle and reduced number of stomatal pores. Key words: Anacardium occidentale, anthracnose, resistance, aggressiveness Reação de clones de cajueiro-anão a isolados de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides em ambiente controladoRESUMO: A cultura de caju (Anacardium occidentale L.) é uma fonte de renda importante para a população do Nordeste brasileiro, sendo a antracnose causada por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides a doença que mais conduz a perdas de sua produção. Entretanto, há pouca informação para a resistência desse hospedeiro ou para a variação na agressividade do patógeno em ambiente controlado. A reação de clones comerciais (CCP-06, CCP-09, CCP-76 e CCP-1001) e um não comercial (CAP-14) de cajueiros anão-precoce, contra 36 isolados desse fungo, foi avaliada sob condições controladas. Todos os isolados, incluindo os provenientes de diferentes hospedeiros, foram capazes de causar lesões sobre folhas e hastes da maioria dos clones, ainda que em graus diferenciados. O clone CCP-06 foi o mais suscetível, enquanto o clone CCP-1001 foi resistente a mais isolados, incluindo o 905, enquanto os isolados 910 e 912 foram agressivos a todos os clones testados. A injúria mecânica das folhas aumentou a suscetibilidade dos clones a todos os isolados, indicando que a resistência pode também estar associada a barreiras estruturais que impedem a penetração. Os pseudofrutos amadurecidos (8 semanas) dos clones comerciais avaliados, foram suscetíveis a ambos os isolados testados (905 e 910), mas...

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Genetic resistance of dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) to anthracnose, black mold, and angular leaf spot

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology of cashew anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) in Mozambique

Epidemiology of cashew anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) in Mozambique

Avaliação da atividade antioxidante dos compostos fenólicos naturalmente presentes em subprodutos do pseudofruto de caju (Anacardium occidentale L.)

Reaction of dwarf cashew clones to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates in controlled environment

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