Genetic rescue versus outbreeding depression in Vallisneria americana: Implications for mixing seed sources for restoration

Marsden, Brittany W.; Engelhardt, Katharina A. M.; Neel, Maile C.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2013.08.012

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Highly mobile nectarivorous bird pollinators have also been found to dampen the negative effects of fragmentation on mating system parameters, such as decreased outcrossing (Byrne et al 2007;Breed et al 2013;Lowe et al 2015). Collectively, these studies suggest that pollination by highly mobile vertebrate pollinators confers resilience to habitat fragmentation as well as local site species diversity effects at this scale (<500 m, see Ritchie & Krauss 2012;Frick et al 2014) Connectivity is a potentially negative issue if genetic divergence results in outbreeding depression between mates from distinct provenances (Broadhurst & Young 2007;Hufford et al 2012;Marsden et al 2013). Our genetic results indicate that although B. attenuata propagules sourced for the Jandakot restoration site were genetically diverse, there was significant genetic differentiation between the restored and natural site (F ST = 0.071), suggesting provenance of multiple nonlocal sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Connectivity is a potentially negative issue if genetic divergence results in outbreeding depression between mates from distinct provenances (Broadhurst & Young ; Hufford et al ; Marsden et al ). Our genetic results indicate that although B. attenuata propagules sourced for the Jandakot restoration site were genetically diverse, there was significant genetic differentiation between the restored and natural site ( F ST = 0.071), suggesting provenance of multiple nonlocal sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does restored plant diversity play a role in the reproductive functionality of Banksia populations?

Ritchie

Nevill

Sinclair

et al. 2016

Restoration Ecology

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Vegetation structure and plant species diversity of restoration sites are predicted to directly affect pollinator attraction, with potential impacts on gene flow, reproduction, genetic diversity of future generations, and ultimately restoration success. We compared Banksia attenuata R.Br. (Proteaceae) in a low species diversity restoration site and an adjacent natural remnant. We assessed fecundity genetic diversity in adult plants and their offspring, mating system parameters and pollen dispersal using paternity assignment. Results were compared to an earlier study of reproductive functionality within a high species diversity restoration site that was restored in a similar manner, enabling us to investigate any association between plant species diversity and fecundity. Seed set data indicated no significant differences between restored and adjacent natural sites; however, seed set data between restoration sites was significantly different (2.08 ± 0.39 and 6.89 ± 1.12, respectively). The mean number of fruits (follicles) per inflorescence was not significantly different between restoration sites. Genetic diversity of adult plants and their offspring were comparable in all sites. Higher allelic richness and genetic differentiation in one restored site reflected sourcing beyond local provenance. Low correlated paternity indicated high levels of multiple siring of seeds and paternity assignment demonstrated strong genetic connectivity between sites. Reproductive functionality, as measured by fecundity and genetic diversity in the offspring of B. attenuata, is resilient to low species diversity within a restored plant community. We consider our results in the context of establishing seed production areas (SPAs) that maximize the quantity and genetic quality of Banksia seeds for restoration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does restored plant diversity play a role in the reproductive functionality of Banksia populations?

Ritchie

Nevill

Sinclair

et al. 2016

Restoration Ecology

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“…Practically, restoration efforts need to move forward using an option that is cost effective. A mix of provenances into restoration areas may be a way forward in some situations (Keller & Kollmann ; Sackville Hamilton ; Wilkinson ; Hufford et al ; Maschinski et al ), such as the WSW, although there are risks with provenance mixing such as outbreeding depression (Hufford & Mazer , but see Marsden et al ) with flow‐on consequences to fertility (Edmands ). We found some support for using nonlocal provenances, but the success rate for establishing seedlings was not high and we have yet to study the adult niche, F 1 and later generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed provenance for changing climates: early growth traits of nonlocal seed are better adapted to future climatic scenarios, but not to current field conditions

Gross

Fatemi

Simpson

2016

Restoration Ecology

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The urgency to repair degraded ecosystems is challenged by the need to future‐proof populations to deal with changing climates. Therefore, it is necessary to know if source gene‐pools are resilient to both current and future climatic conditions. We tested this question with the pioneer shrub Hardenbergia violacea (Fabaceae), an important species for restoration in eastern Australia. We evaluated in situ and ex situ performance of seed from eight provenances, two local and six from regions receiving hotter and wetter spring to autumn conditions and/or drier winters and we included wild and commercial collections. We compared survivorship of seedlings in climate‐houses that emulated current and predicted temperature and rainfall. In the field, we measured germination and seedling survivorship. We used neutral codominant markers to provide inbreeding and heterozygosity estimates to evaluate against health and survivorship. All provenances survived the current conditions, but local provenances were the poorest performers in the predicted hotter and wetter scenario compared with nonlocal provenances. No provenance survived more than a fortnight of a climate‐house simulated, but predicted, extreme weather event of a drought (35/22°C 12 hours day/night, 50 mL/week = 220 mm rainfall). Heterozygosity was positively associated with plant health in surviving plants, and plants in poor condition had high inbreeding estimates. In the field, nonlocal provenances performed poorly and most survivors were from local provenances. The contribution of individual genetic variation to stress tolerance will be an important consideration when selecting provenances for future climates.

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“…Pollination in V. americana occurs when free-floating staminate flowers or pollen grains that are moved on the water surface by currents, winds, animals, and tides contact pistils of female flowers that are borne at the water surface (Cook, 1982;Korschgen and Green, 1988). Pollinated flowers ripen in late summer to early fall (Catling et al, 1994) into fruits that have an average of 150-200 seeds (Marsden et al, 2013). We sought to use the KinDist method (Robledo-Arnuncio et al, 2006) to understand correlated paternity of seedlings within these multi-seeded fruits and among mothers at three sites in different environments and to estimate the distance over which pollen is dispersed in V. americana.…”

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confidence: 99%

Limited pollen dispersal, small genetic neighborhoods, and biparental inbreeding inVallisneria americana

Lloyd

Tumas

Neel

2018

American J of Botany

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Frequent pollen dispersal is not expected among patches, and even within patches, gene flow via pollen will be limited. Limited pollen dispersal establishes genetic neighborhoods, which, unless overcome by seed and propagule dispersal, will lead to genetic differentiation even in a continuous population. Unless loss and fragmentation drive populations to extreme sex bias, local pollen dispersal is likely to be unaffected by habitat loss and fragmentation per se because the spatial scale of patch isolation already exceeds pollen dispersal distances. Therefore, managing specifically for pollen connectivity is only relevant over very short distances.

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Genetic rescue versus outbreeding depression in Vallisneria americana: Implications for mixing seed sources for restoration

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

Does restored plant diversity play a role in the reproductive functionality of Banksia populations?

Does restored plant diversity play a role in the reproductive functionality of Banksia populations?

Seed provenance for changing climates: early growth traits of nonlocal seed are better adapted to future climatic scenarios, but not to current field conditions

Limited pollen dispersal, small genetic neighborhoods, and biparental inbreeding inVallisneria americana

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