Genetic relationships between wild progenitor pear (Pyrus L.) species and local cultivars native to Georgia, South Caucasus

Asanidze, Zezva; Akhalkatsi, Maia; Henk, Adam D.; Richards, Christopher M.; Volk, Gayle M.

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2014.06.013

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our results illustrate that samples of P. caucasica and P. communis s.l. (including P. communis and P. pyraster ) included in this study are not closely related, corroborating the findings of Volk et al () and Asanidze et al (), who reported a clear separation between these species based on nuclear microsatellite data. Consequently, we advocate that P. communis s.l.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Towards resolving the evolutionary history of Caucasian pears (Pyrus, Rosaceae)—Phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and leaf trait evolution

Korotkova

Parolly

Khachatryan

et al. 2017

J of Sytematics Evolution

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With approximately 25 endemic species, the genus Pyrus (pears) is highly diverse in the Caucasus ecoregion. The majority of Caucasian pears inhabit xerophytic open woodlands or similar habitats, to which they display morphological adaptations, such as narrow leaves. The other species, both Caucasian and non-Caucasian taxa, mainly inhabit mesophytic forests and display broad leaves. Using a representative taxon sampling of Pyrus from the Caucasus, Europe and Asia, we reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in the genus based on multiple plastid regions. We also estimate the divergence times of major clades in Pyrus, reconstruct the evolution of leaf shapes, and discuss the emergence of xeromorphic leaf traits. Our results confirm the monophyly of Pyrus and the existence of two major clades: (a) an E Asian clade with a crown group age of 15.7 (24.02-8.37 95% HPD) My, and (b) a W Eurasian clade that comprises species from Europe, SW Asia and the Caucasus and that displays a slightly younger crown group of 12.38 (19.02-6.41 95% HPD) My. The existing infrageneric classification of Pyrus was found partially incongruent with the inferred phylogenetic trees. Several currently accepted species were not recovered as monophyletic, indicating that current species limits require re-evaluation. Ancestral character state reconstructions revealed several independent transitions from broad-to narrow-shaped leaves in Pyrus, probably via intermediateshaped leaves.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Towards resolving the evolutionary history of Caucasian pears (Pyrus, Rosaceae)—Phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and leaf trait evolution

Korotkova

Parolly

Khachatryan

et al. 2017

J of Sytematics Evolution

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“…The other local cultivars might be obtained due to selective works by breeding of local landraces with introduced cultivars from different countries in historically different periods. The molecular study of these taxa has clear in more details origin of these cultivars (Asanidze et al, 2014). The results confirm the hypothesis that some local pear cultivars of Georgia are directly domesticated from the endemic and relict wild Caucasian pear species P. caucasica.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The highest score 10 on GP/TG legend confirms very closely relation of wild Caucasian pear with Georgian landraces by morphometric and molecular analysis using SSR markers. The domesticated group from P. caucasica is determined for 15 Georgian landraces: Akiro, Bebani, Borbala, Kartuli mskhali, Khinos mskhali, Korda, Kvichicha, Majara, Nenes mskhali, Panta mskhali, Samariobo, Shakara, Shav mskhala, Tavrejuli, Tsvrili mskhali (Akhalkatsi et al, 2012;Asanidze et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The criteria to be scored are threat level determined according to IUCN categories; Rarity of species calculated as frequency of 10×10 km grid squares where the species occurs; Endemicity was determined according to Key of Georgian Flora (Ketskhoveli, 1959), the herbarium data and preliminary investigation on fields. Gene pool and taxon group identification was related to molecular study of pear species (Asanidze et al, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Rosaceae) is determined as relict tree and ancestor of fruit pear landraces of Georgia (Akhalkatsi et al, 2012). Domestication of P. caucasica was confirmed by morphometric and systematic molecular methods by genetic relationships between wild populations and local cultivars of pear containing only few mutations (Asanidze et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pyrus caucasica Fed. Ancestor of Georgian Pear Landraces

Akhalkatsi¹,

Asanidze²

2015

Science, Technology and Development

Self Cite

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Georgia (South Caucasus) has wild Caucasian pear (Pyrus caucasica) representing as relict and endemic species of the Caucasus. It is determined by molecular analysis as the ancestor of 15 pear landraces of Georgia. We used in situ and ex situ methods for conservation of P. caucasica, as crop wild progenitor and relative for pear varieties breeder. Wild Caucasian pear was determined as a crop wild relative species according to the results of the field works carried out in Georgia and this species received high conservation value. According to scoring system to establish scores of crop wild relative pear species revealed the following data: The threats of P. caucasica have been determined only as near threatened with score 2; The rarity of this species was calculated as frequency of 10×10 km and the number of individuals reaches till 20 with score 4; Endemism of this species is not only in Georgia but on the Caucasus ecoregion and score is 5; Gene pool and taxon group identification was related with score 10 according to molecular study of pear species. The analyses have revealed the tendency of P. caucasica to be have high score (21) and in the last criteria of this species has showing closely relatedness to famous 15 traditionally Georgian pear landraces.

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Genetic Diversity and Domestication History in Pyrus

Volk¹,

Cornille²

2019

Compendium of Plant Genomes

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Genetic relationships between wild progenitor pear (Pyrus L.) species and local cultivars native to Georgia, South Caucasus

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Towards resolving the evolutionary history of Caucasian pears (Pyrus, Rosaceae)—Phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and leaf trait evolution

Towards resolving the evolutionary history of Caucasian pears (Pyrus, Rosaceae)—Phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and leaf trait evolution

Pyrus caucasica Fed. Ancestor of Georgian Pear Landraces

Genetic Diversity and Domestication History in Pyrus

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