Genetic inheritance analysis of melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Abstract

The melon aphid Aphis gossypii Glover is one of the most serious pests in cucumber production, often causing severe damage in commercial fields. Identifying and deploying resistant germplasm and understanding the inheritance of melon aphid resistance are required for cucumber geneticists to develop an effective breeding strategy. In this study, resistance of 30 cucumber selections to melon aphid was evaluated at the seedling stage. Six generations, P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , BC 1 , BC 2 and F 2 derived from the cross of JY30 (susceptible) 9 EP6392 (resistant), were used as genetic populations to study the inheritance of melon aphid resistance in cucumber with the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model with the joint analysis method of multiple generations. Eight of the 30 tested selections displayed resistance to the melon aphid. The resistance of cucumber to melon aphids was controlled by one additive and dominant major gene plus additive and dominant polygenes, and was affected by environment as well. The additive effect and the dominant effect of the major gene were greater than the additive effect and the dominant effect of the polygenes. The heritabilities of the major gene in BC 1 , BC 2 and F 2 were 63.62 %, 0 % and 70.39 %, respectively. The polygenic heritabilities were 22.62 %, 37.0 % and 9.32 %, and the ratios of the environmental variance to phenotype variance were 58.54 %, 63.16 % and 30.77 %. We conclude that selections of cucumber with high resistance to melon aphid could be screened in advanced generations.

Evaluation of Black Currant Cultivars Resistance to Aphis grossulariae Kalt. and Effectiveness of Water Extracts of Artemisia Absinthium L. and Tanacetum Vulgare L. Against this Pest

“…Cultivars of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) showed resistance to black bean aphid (Aphis fabae Scopoli) and [Aphis craccivora (Koch)] (Salman et al, 2015;Golizadeh et al, 2016;Meradsi, 2016). Eight of the 30 selections of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) have shown the resistance to melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Liang et al, 2015). The current field trials have shown that the Galaxy-2013 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was resistant to wheat aphid (Schiz aphis graminum R.) (Shafiq et al, 2015).…”

Pewarisan Sifat Ketahanan Cabai terhadap Infestasi Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

“…Analisis pewarisan suatu karakter populer dilakukan melalui analisis rata-rata generasi (generation means analysis) dari populasi bersegregasi hasil persilangan biparental (single cross) dengan melibatkan enam populasi (Poehlman, 1996). Analisis pewarisan sifat ketahanan terhadap kutudaun melalui populasi enam generasi dengan metode choice test telah dilaporkan pada beberapa jenis tanaman seperti mentimun (Liang et al, 2015), gandum (Turanli et al, 2012), melon (Boissot et al, 2010), kedelai (Mensah et al, 2008), dan kacang panjang (Kuswanto et al, 2007). Beberapa hasil penelitian memberikan kesimpulan kendali genetik yang berbeda-beda yaitu, monogenik hingga poligenik yang komplek (Dogimont et al, 2010).…”

“…Beberapa hasil penelitian memberikan kesimpulan kendali genetik yang berbeda-beda yaitu, monogenik hingga poligenik yang komplek (Dogimont et al, 2010). Menurut Liang et al (2015) ketahanan mentimun terhadap A. gossypii dikendalikan oleh satu gen mayor aditifdominan dan poligenik aditif-dominan. Ketahanan melon terhadap A. gossypii adalah poligenik dengan empat aditif Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) dan dua epistasis QTL melalui populasi RIls, recombinant inbreed lines (Boissot et al, 2010).…”

“…Pendugaan ketahanan tanaman dengan basis perhitungan jumlah koloni kutudaun yang diinfestasikan telah dilaporkan pada tanaman mentimun (Liang et al, 2015), chrysanthemum , kedelai (Mensah et al, 2008), dan kacang panjang (Kuswanto et al, 2007). Sedangkan penggunaan kutudaun tidak bersayap (Apterous aphids) berdasarkan pertimbangan kemudahan dalam penanganan saat melakukan infestasi telah dilakukan pula oleh Hesler dan Dashiell (2011) di keledai dan Doryanizadeh et al (2017) pada tanaman mentimun.…”

“…Hasil penelitian Laing et al (2015) menunjukan aksi gen aditif yang tinggi pada sifat ketahanan mentimun terhadap infestrasi A. gossypii. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis tanaman atau varietas yang berbeda memungkinkan perbedaan dalam model pewarisan sifat ketahanan terhadap infestasi A. gossypii (Nashat dan Abdel-hafiz, 2008;Liang et al, 2015).…”