Genetic Improvement of Trees and Shrubs Used in Windbreaks

CUNNINGHAM, RICHARD A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-43019-9.50041-9

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Multiple-stemmed tree species are an important component in conservation plantings, such as field windbreaks and living snowfences, and are used throughout the Great Plains (Cunningham, 1988) and other regions (Nicholas, 1988). A good example of these multiple-stemmed tree species is Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing above-ground woody biomass equations for open-grown, multiple-stemmed tree species: Shelterbelt-grown Russian-olive

Zhou

Brandle

Schoeneberger

et al. 2007

Ecological Modelling

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing above-ground woody biomass equations for open-grown, multiple-stemmed tree species: Shelterbelt-grown Russian-olive

Zhou

Brandle

Schoeneberger

et al. 2007

Ecological Modelling

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“…Grafted clones of green and white ash cultivars were widely planted as street and park trees throughout the United States and Canada to replace the American elms lost to Dutch elm disease (Poland & McCullough 2006;Raupp et al 2006). Trees from improved green ash germplasm for shelterbelts and buffer zones were widely planted in rural areas in the United States and Canada, starting in the 1930s (Dawson & Read 1964;Cunningham 1988). An understanding of population dynamics across local and regional scales, including an assessment of gene ow from cultivars and the extent of admixture between sympatric Fraxinus species is essential for designing cost-effective strategies for seed collection, informing strategies for EAB interventions and designing restoration projects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range-wide genetic assessment of F. pennsylvanica reveals a high frequency of parentage from Fraxinus cultivars and extensive admixture between F. pennsylvanica and F. americana

Noakes

Shirley

Stanley

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Conservation of the gene pool of F. pennsylvanica (green ash), the species most susceptible to emerald ash borer (EAB), requires a range-wide genetic assessment of the population dynamics to guide seed collection efforts. An assessment of gene flow into natural stands from ubiquitously distributed green ash and F. americana (white ash) cultivars is also essential. We used 16 EST-SSR markers to genotype 1291 trees from 48 naturally regenerated populations of green ash, 19 green ash cultivars and 10 white ash from a Fraxinus species collection. We did not find evidence for latitudinal gradients in allele richness or higher differentiation in northern range edge populations. Analysis of population substructure revealed two major groups of green ash, one dominant in northwestern locations, one dominant in southern locations and extensive admixture in midwestern and eastern locations. We identified a third group as white ash, including 140 individuals with interspecific admixture in eastern and southern populations. We detected cultivar parentage with high confidence in 172 individuals in 34 of the 48 populations. We conclude that high dispersal capacity, broad adaptability, and gene flow from many cultivars into predominately northern regions, plays a role in the comparatively low regional population substructure in the Northwest. The high frequency of cultivar propagule dispersal and extent of interspecific admixture detected in our study suggests that under rapidly changing conditions, local populations may or may not be locally adapted and standing genetic variation may not be of long standing.

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“…Even within a single windbreak, site quality may vary dramatically depending on the microtopographical conditions. Species characteristics, as influenced by the seed source (genetic potential) and environmental conditions, are also quite variable, reflecting the variety of plant materials generally used in conservation plantings and the wide range of settings into which they are planted (Cunningham, 1988). Considerable effort has been made to develop methods to estimate the site quality of individual forest stands so their future growth and development can be estimated (Alemdag, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%