Genetic improvement of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes selected for resistance to chocolate spot disease

Abstract

Inter-varietal hybridization is a powerful tool for genetic improvement and production of new genotypes for a trait of interest. Four parents of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) were hybridized using agromorphological and molecular characterization to obtain genotypes resistant to the chocolate spot disease. The study was done at the Nubaria Research Station, Giza, Egypt. Eight traits including resistance to chocolate spot, days to flowering, plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, 100-seed weight (g), and seed yield/plant were estimated during the three growth seasons of 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019. Genetic parameters revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers assessed the genetic variation of genotypes with their generations. Crosses 1 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P2 “Sakha-1”), 2 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P3 “T.W”), and 3 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P4 “Camolina”) revealed high resistance to disease with high yield. Markers patterned specific loci of resistant parents at a length of 360, 470, 450, 660, and 140 bp in RAPD and 1100, 810, 650, 700, 480 bp in ISSR. Inter-varietal hybridization between the resistant and susceptible genotypes is considered one of the most promising methods to obtain germplasm with resistance and high yield.

Estimation of some genetic parameters using six populations mean analysis in three faba bean crosses exposed to natural infection of foliar diseases

“…Genetic variances were detected for all traits in the three crosses and-therefore: -a suitable amount of genetic diversity valid for further assessments. Genetic parameters were detected as reported by (Abo Mostafa et al, (2014), Ibrahim et al, (2015), Abou-Zaid (2018), Abou Zied and El-Gendy (2019) and Heiba et al, (2022). Selection could be effective in the improvement of the studied traits.…”

“…Foliage diseases chocolate spot Botrytis fabae (Sard) and rust Uromyces viciae-fabae (Pers.) Schrot., are the most destructive leaf disease of faba bean crop in the world (Heiba et al, 2022). The losses of foliage diseases were estimated to be more than 55% for susceptible cultivar Rebaya40 which was left for natural infection at Sakha (Mohamed et al, 1980).…”

The Potential Genetic Effect for Yield and Foliar Disease Resistance in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Assessed via Morphological and SCoT Markers

“…The results suggested that the SCoT markers showed considerable potential for identifying and discriminating faba bean lines via their resistance to foliar diseases. Their use for evaluating chocolate spot disease resistance in faba bean genotypes has been depicted by Heiba et al [56]. The current results showed that the SCoT marker technique is reliable in dividing sorts based on genetic distance [63].…”

“…However, more genotyping is still required in order to validate the suitability of these markers for marker-assisted faba bean breeding, and these loci could be effectively used in breeding programs. Heiba et al [56] demonstrated that molecular markers exhibited interest-specific loci relating to faba bean genotypes' resistance to chocolate spot, whereas Bosily et al [57] detected specific markers for barley leaf rust disease using five Scot primers.…”

Generation Mean Analysis, Heterosis, and Genetic Diversity in Five Egyptian Faba Beans and Their Hybrids

“…Depending on the genetic composition of the parents, the heterotic effects of faba beans might vary from highly favorable to significantly negative for certain traits. The magnitude of heterotic effects on important yield-contributing traits, such as number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight, are correlated with the superiority of hybrids over better-parent and standard varieties with respect to grain yield and its attributes [14][15][16][17]. Moreover, the genetic improvement of plant traits depends on genetic diversity [18].…”