Genetic Improvement in Juglans mandshurica and Its Uses in China: Current Status and Future Prospects

Zhang, Shikai; Wang, Zhan; Zhang, Heng; Song, Shaowen; Qu, Xibin; Wang, Jiayi; Tigabu, Mulualem; Li, Xiang; Zhang, Qinhui; Zhao, Ming‐Hui; Liu, Huanzhen; Zhao, Xiyang

doi:10.32604/phyton.2022.018321

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Previous reports have shown that AP2/ERF TFs can be potential candidates for plant improvement because they are key regulators in different plant development processes and various stress responses [ 12 ]. In J. mandshurica , female flower buds, male flower buds, and phloem tissues are the main overwintering organs with strong cold resistance [ 26 ]. In this study, we used these tissues to perform cold stress treatment with different gradients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species is widely distributed throughout cold regions of China, South Korea, Japan, and Russia [ 25 ]. J. mandshurica is a good timber tree species due to of its hard and dense material and good elasticity [ 26 ]. The rich nutrition and high oil content in the fruit kernel of J. mandshurica can be used to make oil and health food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Juglone in fresh root bark, branch bark and green fruit peel has strong antibacterial and antitumor effects and is used in the field of medicine [ 27 , 28 ]. Furthermore, this species is an important resource for freeze-tolerant germplasm for genetic improvement, which can withstand freezing temperatures of −40 °C [ 26 ]. Most Juglans are weak in terms of cold resistance, so breeding varieties with strong cold resistance is an effective way to avoid or reduce freezing injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Identification of AP2/ERF Superfamily Genes in Juglans mandshurica and Expression Analysis under Cold Stress

Zhao

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Juglans mandshurica has strong freezing resistance, surviving temperatures as low as −40 °C, making it an important freeze tolerant germplasm resource of the genus Juglans. APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) is a plant-specific superfamily of transcription factors that regulates plant development, growth, and the response to biotic and abiotic stress. In this study, phylogenetic analysis was used to identify 184 AP2/ERF genes in the J. mandshurica genome, which were classified into five subfamilies (JmAP2, JmRAV, JmSoloist, JmDREB, and JmERF). A significant amount of discordance was observed in the 184 AP2/ERF genes distribution of J. mandshurica throughout its 16 chromosomes. Duplication was found in 14 tandem and 122 segmental gene pairs, which indicated that duplications may be the main reason for JmAP2/ERF family expansion. Gene structural analysis revealed that 64 JmAP2/ERF genes contained introns. Gene evolution analysis among Juglandaceae revealed that J. mandshurica is separated by 14.23 and 15 Mya from Juglans regia and Carya cathayensis, respectively. Based on promoter analysis in J. mandshurica, many cis-acting elements were discovered that are related to light, hormones, tissues, and stress response processes. Proteins that may contribute to cold resistance were selected for further analysis and were used to construct a cold regulatory network based on GO annotation and JmAP2/ERF protein interaction network analysis. Expression profiling using qRT‒PCR showed that 14 JmAP2/ERF genes were involved in cold resistance, and that seven and five genes were significantly upregulated under cold stress in female flower buds and phloem tissues, respectively. This study provides new light on the role of the JmAP2/ERF gene in cold stress response, paving the way for further functional validation of JmAP2/ERF TFs and their application in the genetic improvement of Juglans and other tree species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genome-Wide Identification of AP2/ERF Superfamily Genes in Juglans mandshurica and Expression Analysis under Cold Stress

Zhao

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…is a perennial woody species, with economic and ecological value. The distribution of J. mandshurica is in Japan, North Korea, the Russian Far East, and northeast China [ 31 , 32 ]. In particular, it possesses the characteristics of multipurpose components, long life, and heterodichogamy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Phytohormones and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Female and Male Inflorescence Development in Manchurian Walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.)

Han

Cai

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Flowers are imperative reproductive organs and play a key role in the propagation of offspring, along with the generation of several metabolic products in flowering plants. In Juglans mandshurica, the number and development of flowers directly affect the fruit yield and subsequently its commercial value. However, owing to the lack of genetic information, there are few studies on the reproductive biology of Juglans mandshurica, and the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of female and male inflorescence remain unclear. In this study, phytohormones and transcriptomic sequencing analyses at the three stages of female and male inflorescence growth were performed to understand the regulatory functions underlying flower development. Gibberellin is the most dominant phytohormone that regulates flower development. In total, 14,579 and 7188 differentially expressed genes were identified after analyzing the development of male and female flowers, respectively, wherein, 3241 were commonly expressed. Enrichment analysis for significantly enriched pathways suggested the roles of MAPK signaling, phytohormone signal transduction, and sugar metabolism. Genes involved in floral organ transition and flowering were obtained and analyzed; these mainly belonged to the M-type MADS-box gene family. Three flowering-related genes (SOC1/AGL20, ANT, and SVP) strongly interacted with transcription factors in the co-expression network. Two key CO genes (CO3 and CO1) were identified in the photoperiod pathway. We also identified two GA20xs genes, one SVP gene, and five AGL genes (AGL8, AGL9, AGL15, AGL19, and AGL42) that contributed to flower development. The findings are expected to provide a genetic basis for the studies on the regulatory networks and reproductive biology in inflorescence development for J. mandshurica.

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Comparison of genetic impact on growth and wood traits between seedlings and clones from the same plus trees of Pinus koraiensis

Liu

et al. 2022

J. For. Res.

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To evaluate the relationships among clones and open pollinated families from the same plus trees and to select elite breeding materials, growth, and wood characteristics of 33-year-old Pinus koraiensis clones and families were measured and analyzed. The results show that growth and wood characters varied significantly. The variation due to clonal effects was higher than that of family effects. The ratio of genetic to phenotypic coefficient of variation of clones in growth and wood traits was above 90%, and the repeatability of these characteristics was more than 0.8, whereas the ratio of genetic to phenotypic coefficient of variation of families was above 90%. The broad-sense heritability of all characteristics exceeded 0.4, and the narrow-sense family heritability of growth traits was less than 0.3. Growth characteristics were positively correlated with each other, but most wood properties were weakly correlated in both clones and families. Fiber length and width were positively correlated between clones and families. Using the membership function method, eleven clones and four families were selected as superior material for improved diameter growth and wood production, and two families from clonal and open-pollinated trees showed consistently better performance. Generally, selection of the best clones is an effective alternative to deployment of families as the repeatability estimates from clonal trees were higher than narrow-sense heritability estimates from open pollinated families. The results provide valuable insight for improving P. koraiensis breeding programs and subsequent genetic improvement.

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Genetic Improvement in Juglans mandshurica and Its Uses in China: Current Status and Future Prospects

Cited by 3 publications

References 87 publications

Genome-Wide Identification of AP2/ERF Superfamily Genes in Juglans mandshurica and Expression Analysis under Cold Stress

Genome-Wide Identification of AP2/ERF Superfamily Genes in Juglans mandshurica and Expression Analysis under Cold Stress

Characterization of Phytohormones and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Female and Male Inflorescence Development in Manchurian Walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.)

Comparison of genetic impact on growth and wood traits between seedlings and clones from the same plus trees of Pinus koraiensis

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