Comparison of genetic impact on growth and wood traits between seedlings and clones from the same plus trees of Pinus koraiensis

Abstract

To evaluate the relationships among clones and open pollinated families from the same plus trees and to select elite breeding materials, growth, and wood characteristics of 33-year-old Pinus koraiensis clones and families were measured and analyzed. The results show that growth and wood characters varied significantly. The variation due to clonal effects was higher than that of family effects. The ratio of genetic to phenotypic coefficient of variation of clones in growth and wood traits was above 90%, and the repeatability of these characteristics was more than 0.8, whereas the ratio of genetic to phenotypic coefficient of variation of families was above 90%. The broad-sense heritability of all characteristics exceeded 0.4, and the narrow-sense family heritability of growth traits was less than 0.3. Growth characteristics were positively correlated with each other, but most wood properties were weakly correlated in both clones and families. Fiber length and width were positively correlated between clones and families. Using the membership function method, eleven clones and four families were selected as superior material for improved diameter growth and wood production, and two families from clonal and open-pollinated trees showed consistently better performance. Generally, selection of the best clones is an effective alternative to deployment of families as the repeatability estimates from clonal trees were higher than narrow-sense heritability estimates from open pollinated families. The results provide valuable insight for improving P. koraiensis breeding programs and subsequent genetic improvement.

Interspecific plant interaction structures the microbiomes of poplar-soil interface to alter nutrient cycling and utilization

“…Meanwhile, the ground diameter and tree height of poplar were measured (once in August 2022). The coefficient of variation was calculated with reference to previous methods ( 24 , 25 ). Non-rhizosphere soil, rhizosphere soil, and poplar roots were collected.…”

Selection for Both Growth and Wood Properties in Chinese Fir Breeding Parents Based on a 6-Year Grafted Clone Test

“…Repeatability is a significant parameter for parent selection with the help of clone tests, as it is an index that reflects a trait's stability [40]. Higher repeatability means that the trait is less affected by the external environment [41].…”

“…Knowledge of the correlation between traits is of utmost importance in the multi-trait breeding process, and can provide valuable information for comprehensive utilization of the available variation in target traits [40]. To take wood property traits into account in Chinese fir breeding programs, breeders should acquire information on the magnitude of correlation between wood and growth characteristics.…”

Changes in morphological traits, anatomical and molecular alterations caused by gamma-rays and zinc oxide nanoparticles in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) plant

“…Genetic relationships among a group of genotypes through molecular and phenotypic data representation may be performed utilizing multivariate techniques, which may intensify the information of many alleles and loci into several copied variables. Correspondence Analysis (CA) is one of the multivariate techniques that is an extension of the Principal Components analysis (Liu et al 2022 ; Guo et al 2022 ). This technique is described as a multivariate method to visualize categorical data in the graphical display using chi-square distances (Greenacre 1984 ).…”