Genetic Evidence for the Expansion of Arabian Tribes into the Southern Levant and North Africa

Nebel, Almut; Landau-Tasseron, Ella; Filon, Dvora; Oppenheim, Ariella; Faerman, Marina

doi:10.1086/340669

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results broaden the geographical distribution of the CMT2B1 mutation and support the existence of a founder ancestor originating from North-Western African populations. Several major migratory/invasive flows affected North Africa in the past and could have generated genetic admixtures among North African populations, notably: Phoenician presence for 12 centuries from 11th century BC to 146 AC; Roman settlement up to the 5th century AC; Vandals' and Byzantines' invasions in 455 AC and 533 AC respectively; Arab expansion into North Africa during 7th century AC; migration waves of Arab tribes during the 11th century AC; and finally Ottoman settlement from 1515 AC up to the time of French colonization in 1830 AC (Julien 1994;Bosch et al 2001;Nebel et al 2002;Lefevre-Witier et al 2006;Meynier 2007). However, using haplotype data, we show that the most recent common ancestor of our Algerian CMT2B1 patients should have lived about 800-900 years ago (during 12th-13th century AC), with a 95% confidence interval between 550 and 1300 years ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Founder Effect and Estimation of the Age of the c.892C>T (p.Arg298Cys) Mutation in LMNA Associated to Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Subtype CMT2B1 in Families from North Western Africa

Hamadouche

Poitelon

Génin

et al. 2008

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryCMT2B1, an axonal subtype (MIM 605588) of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, is an autosomal recessive motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by progressive muscular and sensory loss in the distal extremities with chronic distal weakness. The genetic defect associated with the disease is, to date, a unique homozygous missense mutation, p.Arg298Cys (c.892C>T), in the LMNA gene. So far, this mutation has only been found in affected individuals originating from a restricted region of North Western Africa (northwest of Algeria and east of Morocco), strongly suggesting a founder effect. In order to address this hypothesis, genotyping of both STRs and intragenic SNPs was performed at the LMNA locus, at chromosome 1q21.2-q21.3, in 42 individuals affected with CMT2B1 from 25 Algerian families. Our results indicate that the affected individuals share a common ancestral haplotype in a region of about 1.0 Mb (1 cM) and that the most recent common ancestor would have lived about 800-900 years ago (95% confidence interval: 550 to 1300 years).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Founder Effect and Estimation of the Age of the c.892C>T (p.Arg298Cys) Mutation in LMNA Associated to Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Subtype CMT2B1 in Families from North Western Africa

Hamadouche

Poitelon

Génin

et al. 2008

Annals of Human Genetics

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“…7 We wondered whether clustering and similarities among mismatch curves in the Arabic pool reflect shared evolutionary history, following the hypothesis of a diffusion of J1 chromosomes mediated by the spread of Islam since 650 AD. 2,3,9 To investigate this aspect in more detail, we compared the haplotype genealogy of the Eurasian and Arabic pools by using Median-joining networks constructed as described 9 ( Figure 3). The genealogy of the Arabic pool shows a star-like pattern with no geographic to estimate coalescence times for samples' genealogies (Table 1).…”

Section: Phylogeography Of the J1 Y Lineage S Tofanelli Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

J1-M267 Y lineage marks climate-driven pre-historical human displacements

et al. 2009

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The present day distribution of Y chromosomes bearing the haplogroup J1 M267*G variant has been associated with different episodes of human demographic history, the main one being the diffusion of Islam since the Early Middle Ages. To better understand the modes and timing of J1 dispersals, we reconstructed the genealogical relationships among 282 M267*G chromosomes from 29 populations typed at 20 YSTRs and 6 SNPs. Phylogenetic analyses depicted a new genetic background consistent with climate-driven demographic dynamics occurring during two key phases of human pre-history: (1) the spatial expansion of hunter gatherers in response to the end of the late Pleistocene cooling phases and (2) the displacement of groups of foragers/herders following the mid-Holocene rainfall retreats across the Sahara and Arabia. Furthermore, J1 STR motifs previously used to trace Arab or Jewish ancestries were shown unsuitable as diagnostic markers for ethnicity.

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“…1 Previous studies of J1-M267 [2][3][4][5][6][7] have found it to occur at high frequencies among the Arabic-speaking populations of the Middle East, conventionally interpreted as reflecting the spread of Islam in the first millennium CE. 8 However, before the middle first millennium CE, a variety of Semitic languages were spoken throughout the Middle East. Recently, historical linguists 9 have constructed novel classification trees of the Semitic languages in which the first split from the root of Proto-Semitic separated into East Semitic (Akkadian, Assyrian, Babylonian and Eblaite) and West Semitic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations

Chiaroni

King

Myres³

et al. 2009

Eur J Hum Genet

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Haplogroup J1 is a prevalent Y-chromosome lineage within the Near East. We report the frequency and YSTR diversity data for its major sub-clade (J1e). The overall expansion time estimated from 453 chromosomes is 10 000 years. Moreover, the previously described J1 (DYS388¼13) chromosomes, frequently found in the Caucasus and eastern Anatolian populations, were ancestral to J1e and displayed an expansion time of 9000 years. For J1e, the Zagros/Taurus mountain region displays the highest haplotype diversity, although the J1e frequency increases toward the peripheral Arabian Peninsula. The southerly pattern of decreasing expansion time estimates is consistent with the serial drift and founder effect processes. The first such migration is predicted to have occurred at the onset of the Neolithic, and accordingly J1e parallels the establishment of rain-fed agriculture and semi-nomadic herders throughout the Fertile Crescent. Subsequently, J1e lineages might have been involved in episodes of the expansion of pastoralists into arid habitats coinciding with the spread of Arabic and other Semitic-speaking populations.

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Genetic Evidence for the Expansion of Arabian Tribes into the Southern Levant and North Africa

Cited by 45 publications

References 16 publications

Founder Effect and Estimation of the Age of the c.892C>T (p.Arg298Cys) Mutation in LMNA Associated to Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Subtype CMT2B1 in Families from North Western Africa

Founder Effect and Estimation of the Age of the c.892C>T (p.Arg298Cys) Mutation in LMNA Associated to Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Subtype CMT2B1 in Families from North Western Africa

J1-M267 Y lineage marks climate-driven pre-historical human displacements

The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations

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