Genetic Diversity Studies and Identification of Molecular and Biochemical Markers Associated with Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Cultivated Faba Bean (Vicia faba)

Abstract

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the most important legume crops in Egypt. However, production of faba bean is affected by several diseases including fungal diseases. Fusarium wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. was shown to be the most common wilt disease of faba bean in Assiut Governorate. Evaluation of 16 faba bean genotypes for the resistance to Fusarium wilt was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Three molecular marker systems (inter-simple sequence repeat [ISSR], sequence related amplified polymorphism [SRAP], and simple sequence repeat [SSR]) and a biochemical marker (protein profiles) were used to study the genetic diversity and detect molecular and biochemical markers associated with Fusarium wilt resistance in the tested genotypes. The results showed that certain genotypes of faba bean were resistant to Fusarium wilt, while most of the genotypes were highly susceptible. The percentage of disease severity ranged from 32.83% in Assiut-215 to 64.17% in Misr-3. The genotypes Assiut-215, Roomy-3, Marut-2, and Giza-2 were the most resistant, and the genotypes Misr-3, Misr-1, Assiut-143, Giza-40, and Roomy-80 performed as highly susceptible. The genotypes Assiut-215 and Roomy-3 were considered as promising sources of the resistance to Fusarium wilt. SRAP markers showed higher polymorphism (82.53%) compared with SSR (76.85%), ISSR markers (62.24%), and protein profile (31.82%). Specific molecular and biochemical markers associated with Fusarium wilt resistance were identified. The dendrogram based on combined data of molecular and biochemical markers grouped the 16 faba bean genotypes into three clusters. Cluster I included resistant genotypes, cluster II comprised all moderate genotypes and cluster III contained highly susceptible genotypes.

Identification of Cowpea Genotypes Resistant to Fusarium Wilt1

“…Thus, this work provides new possibilities for cowpea genotypes with greater resistance to Fusarium wilt than those already available in the literature. These findings are supported by previous studies that also involved the genetic resistance of plants against wilt pathogens (POTTORFF et al, 2014;MAHMOUD;ABD EL-FATAH, 2020). Considering that genetic control through resistant cultivars is the most efficient control method for Fusarium wilt, this study shows the importance of exploring genetic variability in cowpea germplasm banks in management practices and for future application in cowpea breeding programs.…”

Common Vetch, Valuable Germplasm for Resilient Agriculture: Genetic Characterization and Spanish Core Collection Development

“…In these analyses, the SSR markers are those with the highest degree of polymorphism, genetic diversity, and consistency due to their multiallelic nature. Our results are similar to those obtained in diversity studies of other germplasm collections, which also have used different molecular markers, indicating the difficulty to compare results between markers showing different levels of polymorphism ( Liu et al, 2018 ; Mahmoud and Abd El-Fatah, 2020 ).…”

Studies of evaluation parameters for resistance to Fusarium wilt in cotton caused by Fusarium wilt race 4 (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum)

“…We also suggested that MR and RVS should be combined to calculate disease severity rating (DSR) for a final accurate evaluation of cotton germplasm for FOV4 resistance (Zhang, Abdelraheem, Zhu, Wheeler, Dever, Elkins‐Arce et al., 2020). However, for almost all other crops with Fusarium wilt caused by different formae speciales of F. oxysporum , screening plants for resistance is exclusively performed on foliar symptoms with a few on SVD (e.g., Ahmad et al., 2020; Alvarez et al., 2005; Bani et al., 2012; Branham et al., 2019; Chitwood‐Brown et al., 2021; Dong et al., 2019; Leitão et al., 2020; Mahmoud & Abd El‐Fatah, 2020; Miyatake et al., 2016; Pereira et al., 2020; Siamak & Zheng, 2018). This has been the case for cotton with wilt caused by most FOV other than FOV4 (Hillock, 1992; Sanogo & Zhang, 2016; Wang & Roberts, 2006; Wang et al., 1999; Zhang et al., 2015).…”