“…This implies that within‐population genetic variability can be low, but total genetic variability could remain unaffected (Falconer & Mackay, ), although out of the H‐W equilibrium due to the Wahlund effect and inbreeding. Aquaculture usually induces changes in the populations genetic structure and diversity due to founder effects, low effective number (Ne) of brooders, differences in genetic contribution of brooders in the reproductive process and domestic selection (Hedgecock & Sly, ; Li, Shu, Yu, & Tian, ; Liu, Zeng, Du, & Rao, ; Praipue, Klinbunga, & Jarayabhand, ; Rhode et al, ; Verspoor, , among others). As a consequence, the genetic pool of wild populations might be negatively affected when populations generated through aquaculture are used for restocking wild populations, or gametes admixture occurs due to both wild and aquaculture populations share the same environment (Beaumont, ; Harada, Yokota, & Iizuka, ; Ryman, Jorde, & Laikre, ; Ryman & Laikre, ; Waples, Hindar, Karlsson, & Hard, ).…”