Abstract:Enteric viruses are the leading cause of diarrhea in children globally. Identifying viral agents and understanding their genetic diversity could help to develop effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the detection rate and genetic diversity of four enteric viruses in Gabonese children aged below five years. Stool samples from children <5 years with (n = 177) and without (n = 67) diarrhea were collected from April 2018 to November 2019. Norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and aichivirus A… Show more
“…Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among infants and children worldwide. Annually, 700 million cases of gastroenteritis are reported worldwide, resulting in 0.8–2 million deaths, 1 making it the second leading cause of death among infants and children under 5 years of age 2 . Various pathogens including bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths can cause this disease 3 .…”
Sapovirus (SaV) is an emerging cause of children gastrointestinal complications such as acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The aim of the present systematic review and metaanalysis was to estimate the global prevalence of the SaV in children and association of infection with SaVs and AGE in children based on case-control studies. Four international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences and Google Scholar) were used to retrieve English-language studies published between January 2000 and December 2020. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was applied to estimate the overall prevalence, publication bias and heterogeneity index. The pooled prevalence of SaV infection among children with gastroenteritis was 3.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9%-3.9%] based on a random-effects meta-analysis.Genogroup I was the dominant genogroup of SaV in children with gastroenteritis [2.2% (95% CI: 1.6%-3.0%)], association analysis showed that SaV was associated with gastroenteritis [OR: 1.843 (95% CI: 1.27-2.66)]. Given the significant prevalence of the virus in children, it is necessary to pay more attention to this situation.Therefore, preventive health measures in children should be a priority.
“…Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among infants and children worldwide. Annually, 700 million cases of gastroenteritis are reported worldwide, resulting in 0.8–2 million deaths, 1 making it the second leading cause of death among infants and children under 5 years of age 2 . Various pathogens including bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths can cause this disease 3 .…”
Sapovirus (SaV) is an emerging cause of children gastrointestinal complications such as acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The aim of the present systematic review and metaanalysis was to estimate the global prevalence of the SaV in children and association of infection with SaVs and AGE in children based on case-control studies. Four international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences and Google Scholar) were used to retrieve English-language studies published between January 2000 and December 2020. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was applied to estimate the overall prevalence, publication bias and heterogeneity index. The pooled prevalence of SaV infection among children with gastroenteritis was 3.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9%-3.9%] based on a random-effects meta-analysis.Genogroup I was the dominant genogroup of SaV in children with gastroenteritis [2.2% (95% CI: 1.6%-3.0%)], association analysis showed that SaV was associated with gastroenteritis [OR: 1.843 (95% CI: 1.27-2.66)]. Given the significant prevalence of the virus in children, it is necessary to pay more attention to this situation.Therefore, preventive health measures in children should be a priority.
“…The lack of exclusion of adenovirus as an aetiological agent of gastroenteritis is a limitation of this study. In addition, of the 38 asymptomatic cases of RVA gastroenteritis, eleven were also positive for noroviruses, astroviruses or sapoviruses [26]. Therefore, we cannot exclude the possibility that other pathogens could be responsible for the patients' symptoms in this study.…”
Background
Rotavirus A (RVA) infections remain a major cause of severe acute diarrhea affecting children worldwide. To date, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are widely used to detect RVA. However, paediatricians question whether the RDT can still detect the virus accurately. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of the rapid rotavirus test in comparison to the one-step RT-qPCR method.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lambaréné, Gabon, from April 2018 to November 2019. Stool samples were collected from children under 5 years of age with diarrhoea or a history of diarrhoea within the last 24 h, and from asymptomatic children from the same communities. All stool samples were processed and analysed using the SD BIOLINE Rota/Adeno Ag RDT against a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), which is considered the gold standard.
Results
For a total of 218 collected stool samples, the overall sensitivity of the RDT was 46.46% (confidence interval (CI) 36.38–56.77), with a specificity of 96.64% (CI 91.62–99.08) compared to one-step RT-qPCR. After confirming the presence or absence of RVA gastroenteritis, the RDT showed suitable results in detecting rotavirus A-associated disease, with a 91% concordance with the RT-qPCR. Furthermore, the performance of this test varied when correlated with seasonality, symptoms, and rotavirus genotype.
Conclusion
This RDT showed high sensitivity and was suitable for the detection of RVA in patients with RVA gastroenteritis, although some asymptomatic RVA shedding was missed by RT-qPCR. It could be a useful diagnostic tool, especially in low-income countries.
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