Genetic diversity of emerging hemotropic mycoplasmas in domestic pigs from Brazil

Sonálio, Karina; Perles, Lívia; Gatto, Igor Renan Honorato; Amaral, Renan Bressiani do; Almeida, Henrique Meiroz de Souza; Galdeano, José Vanderlei Burim; Vieira, Rafael Felipe da Costa; André, Marcos Rogério; Oliveira, Luís Guilherme de

doi:10.1111/tbed.13767

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Sows, which are older animals, exhibited a higher positive percentage (63.2%) compared with nursery/growing pigs (5.0%). Similar to the results of other studies, the frequency of infection was higher in older animals, including finishing pigs, sows and boars, although porcine haemoplasmas were detectable in pigs of all ages (Fu et al., 2017; Gatto et al., 2019; Sonalio et al., 2021). Also, the association between pig ages and haemoplasma infection has not been well investigated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Also, the association between pig ages and haemoplasma infection has not 2019) stated that chronic infection characterized by a low level of parasitaemia seems to be responsible for the differences in the prevalence of M. suis, rather than pig ages. Animals having low parasitaemia may be undetectable by less sensitive diagnostics, such as conventional PCR (Gatto et al, 2019;Sonalio et al, 2021). Apart from that, selection bias may affect the frequency detected during blood collection procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, M. suis may have zoonotic potential and cause interspecies transmission with other animals because of its molecular detection in humans (Yuan et al, 2009) and dogs (Mascarelli et al, 2016). Although M. parvum is considered a non-virulent bacterium, it has also been detected by molecular methods as M. suis in many countries including Brazil (Gatto et al, 2019;Sonalio et al, 2021), China (Fu et al, 2017), Germany (Hoelzle et al, 2010), Japan (Watanabe et al, 2011), South Korea (Seo et al, 2019) and the United States (do Nascimento et al, 2014). The characterization of Ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, M. suis and M. parvum are included in the M. suis group and Ca. M. haemosuis is in the M. haemofelis group based on phylogeny of RNase P RNA gene (rnpB) (Fu et al, 2017;Peters et al, 2008;Watanabe et al, 2011) and 23S rRNA gene sequences (Petri et al, 2020;Sonalio et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M. haemosuis is in the M . haemofelis group based on phylogeny of RNase P RNA gene ( rnpB ) (Fu et al., 2017; Peters et al., 2008; Watanabe et al., 2011) and 23S rRNA gene sequences (Petri et al., 2020; Sonalio et al., 2021). In Thailand, only one porcine haemoplasma, M .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection and genetic analysis of porcine haemoplasmas in commercial pig farms from Thailand reveal a putative novel species

Thongmeesee

Kamkong

Thanee

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Haemoplasma is a trivial name for haemotropic Mycoplasma spp., which can attach to the surface of red blood cells leading to deformity and anaemia in a wide range of mammalian animals, including pigs. In Thailand, there is only one study that reported the occurrence of Mycoplasma suis without other haemoplasma species. In this study, we examined the molecular occurrence and genetic diversity of porcine haemoplasmas in Thai domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) from commercial farms using a PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene, DNA sequencing, nucleotide sequence type (ntST) analysis and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 665 blood samples were collected from pigs at thirteen farms located in eight provinces of Thailand during 2019–2020. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and tested by PCR. The frequency of haemoplasma infection was 37.1% (247/665, 95% CI: 33.5%–40.9%) in all pigs. Among 247 PCR positive samples, 194 were sequenced and analysed by nucleotide BLAST, ntST diversity, phylogenetic trees and ntST networks. The results of this genetic analysis indicated that at least four species with 27 nucleotide sequence types (Mycoplasma suis, Mycoplasma parvum, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosuis and a putative novel species) of porcine haemoplasmas were identified. Thus, it appears that haemoplasmas show a high genetic diversity in the Thai pig population. In addition, a putative novel species was genetically characterized by other markers, namely, the 23S rRNA and RNase P RNA (rnpB) genes. For phylogenetic analysis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosuis was placed into the Mycoplasma haemofelis group, and the three remaining species were placed into the Mycoplasma suis group in all trees containing the 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA and rnpB genes. Further studies, such as pathobiology and epidemiology, should be conducted to better characterize this putative novel species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Molecular detection and genetic analysis of porcine haemoplasmas in commercial pig farms from Thailand reveal a putative novel species

Thongmeesee

Kamkong

Thanee

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Co-infection by multiple vector-borne agents in wild ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) from Iguaçu National Park, southern Brazil

Perles

Moraes

Silva

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The present study aimed to detect molecularly the presence of co-infections by vector-borne agents (VBA) in ring-tailed coatis’ (Nasua nasua) blood samples from Iguaçu National Park (INP), southern Brazil, and assess the phylogenetic positioning of the detected agents. DNA blood samples were submitted to molecular screening and characterization for Anaplasmataceae agents, Piroplasmids, Hepatozoon sp., hemotropic mycoplasmas, and Bartonella spp. In total, 42 (85.7%) coatis were positive for hemotropic Mycoplasma sp., 12 (24.5%) for Bartonella machadoae, 7 (14.3%) for Anaplasma sp. closely related to ‘Candidatus Anaplasma brasiliensis’, and 3 (6%) for Hepatozoon procyonis. The most prevalent co-infections observed was from bacterial VBA: while 18.3% were co-infected by hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. and Bartonella sp., 12.2% were co-infected by Anaplasma sp. and hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. Only two animals (4%) presented co-infections by three VBA (Bartonella sp., Anaplasma sp. and hemotropic Mycoplasma sp.). The coati is a wild carnivore found in INP, mainly in areas visited by tourists. These animals are frequently seen searching for food in garbage dumps or in tourists’ belongings. The present study expands the host specificity range of B. machadoae, which has been isolated only from rodents until the present moment. Since the zoonotic potential and transmission routes of the detected VBA are not yet known, surveillance in this area is much needed.

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Molecular detection of vector‐borne agents in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia , Anaplasma , and haemoplasmas

Santana

Hoppe

Carraro

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

Self Cite

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The present study aimed to investigate, by molecular techniques, the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae, Bartonellaceae, Rickettsiaceae, Mycoplasmataceae, Coxiellaceae, and Babesiidae/Theileriidae agents in blood samples of free-living wild boars (Sus scrofa) and associated ticks in south-eastern Brazil. For this purpose, 67 blood samples and 265 ticks (264 Amblyomma sculptum and one Amblyomma ovale) were analysed.In the screening for Anaplasmataceae agents by a PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA gene, 5.97% blood samples and 50.54% ticks were positive. In the PCR assay for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene, 9.24% of ticks were positive. Despite the low occurrence, a possible new 16S rRNA genotype of Anaplasma sp. was detected in a wild boar's blood sample. According to phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA, gltA, and sodB genes and ITS (23S-5S rRNA) intergenic region, it was found that A. sculptum and A. ovale ticks collected from wild boars carry Ehrlichia genotypes phylogenetically associated with Ehrlichia ewingii, Ehrlichia ruminantium, and new Ehrlichia genotypes previously detected in horses, peccaries, and ticks collected from jaguars.In the screening for haemoplasmas by a qPCR based on the 16S rRNA gene, 88.06% of blood samples and 8.69% of ticks were positive. Mycoplasma suis, Mycoplasma parvum, and a possible new haemoplasma genotype were detected in wild boars in southeastern Brazil. In the screening for Bartonella spp. using a nuoG-based qPCR assay, 3.8% of tick samples were positive. Phylogenetic inferences positioned four nuoG and one r gltA Bartonella sequences into the same clade as Bartonella machadoae. No blood or tick samples from wild boars showed to be positive in the qPCR for Coxiella burnetii based on the IS1111 gene. On the other hand, only 1.6% of ticks were positive in the e2808

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Genetic diversity of emerging hemotropic mycoplasmas in domestic pigs from Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Molecular detection and genetic analysis of porcine haemoplasmas in commercial pig farms from Thailand reveal a putative novel species

Molecular detection and genetic analysis of porcine haemoplasmas in commercial pig farms from Thailand reveal a putative novel species

Co-infection by multiple vector-borne agents in wild ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) from Iguaçu National Park, southern Brazil

Molecular detection of vector‐borne agents in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia , Anaplasma , and haemoplasmas

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