Genetic diversity of Chinese native chicken breeds based on protein polymorphism, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and microsatellite polymorphism

Abstract

Genetic diversity of Chinese native chicken breeds was investigated using protein polymorphism, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and microsatellite polymorphism. Imported broiler and layer breeds were also included in the analysis. The results from protein polymorphism did not show distinct differences between Chinese native chicken and imported broilers; however, there were small significant differences between these two types of chickens. The results from RAPD indicated that gene diversity within a population was large in Chinese native chickens, intermediate in broilers, and low in layers and that there were small differences between Chinese native chickens and both broilers and layers. A great difference between broilers and layers was observed. Microsatellite polymorphism data showed that genetic diversity was high in the Chinese native chickens and low in layers and that there was a close relationship between Chinese native chickens and broiler but a remote relationship between Chinese native chickens and layers. The wide genetic diversity of Chinese native breeds can meet different requirements of breeding for chicken quality in China.

Genotypic characterization of ten microsatellite loci in two Brazilian free range (Caipira) chicken lines

“…CLEMENTINO et al (2010) andFONTEQUE et al (2014) found an average number of 9.6 and 12.4 alleles per locus, respectively, in studies with microsatellites in free range chickens from Brazil. Lower values than the results found in this study were also described by AL-QAMASHOUI et al (2014) - 8.4 (VANHALA et al, 1998;KYSER et al, 2000;ZHANG et al, 2002;HILLEL et al, 2003;TADANO et al, 2007;BERTHOULY et al, 2008;ROSÁRIO et al, 2009;CHATTERJEE et al, 2010;TADANO et al, 2012;WILKINSON et al, 2012). Normally, it is expected that the genetic variability of commercial chickens lines had been reduced because they are selected for quantitative traits (HILLEL et al, 2003).…”

Identification and characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms in 12 chicken growth-correlated genes by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography

“…It has previously been shown that the level of heterozygosity in commercial broilers and layers is lower than that observed in Chinese native chicken breeds in allozymes, random amplified polymorphism DNA and microsatellite DNA polymorphisms [43]. The long-term and intense selection for growth and production traits has resulted in decreasing diversity of the Leghorn and WRR breeds.…”

Use of RAPD-PCR for genetic analyses on the native cattle breeds in Turkey

“…The proportion of primers capable of detecting polymorphism among the breeds was evaluated depending on the genetic background of breeds, genetic distance between the breeds and the complexity of genome (2). However, this and earlier studies (1,3,12,24) indicated that RAPD analysis requires screening of a large number of random primers for detecting polymorphism.…”

“…Genetic markers are powerful tools to investigate the phylogenic relationships and differentiation among breeds (2,3,9,12). Various molecular markers have been identified in livestock species, such as protein polymorphism, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), variable number tandem repeat (VNTR), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), short tandem repeat (STR) and microsatellite polymorphisms (2,9,24).…”

“…The RAPD technique was developed by Williams et al (12,24). The technique is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers homologous to random target sites of genome (20,24).…”