Genetic Diversity of Brucella melitensis in Kazakhstan in Relation to World-Wide Diversity

Shevtsova, E. F.; Vergnaud, Gilles; Shevtsov, Alexandr; Shustov, Alexandr V.; Berdimuratova, Kalysh; Mukanov, Kasim; Syzdykov, Marat; Kuznetsov, Andrey; Lukhnova, Larissa; Izbanova, Uinkul; Филипенко, М. Л.; Ramankulov, Yerlan

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01897

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In Asian countries including China, bruce07 and bruce09 in panel 2B loci consistently showed low HGDI values. In most European countries, all loci in panel 2B were highly discriminatory [29]. These data suggested that mutants occurred only in a high (panel 2B) variety of loci, and the pathogens considered in this study might have originated from a recent common ancestor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016

Liu

Wang²,

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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In the present study, a total of 1102304 serum samples were collected to detected human brucellosis between the years 2012 and 2016 in Inner Mongolia. Overall, an average of 3.79% anti-Brucella positive in Inner Mongolia was presented but the range of positive rates were among 0.90 to 7.07% in 12 regions. Seroprevalence of human brucellosis increased gradually from 2012 to 2016. However, the incidence rate of human brucellosis showed a declining trend. One hundred and seven Brucella strains were isolated and identified as B. melitensis species, and B. melitensis biovar 3 was the predominant biovar. MLVA-11 genotypes 116 was predominant and had crucial epidemiology to the human population. All 107 strains tested were sorted into 75 MLVA-16 genotypes, with 54 single genotypes representing unique isolates. This result revealed that these Brucellosis cases had epidemiologically unrelated and sporadic characteristics. The remaining 21 shared genotypes among two to four strains, confirming the occurrence of crossinfection and multiple outbreaks. Extensive genotype-events were observed between strains from this study and Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Turkey, these countries were key members of the grassland silk road. Long-time trade in small ruminants (sheep) in these countries has possibly promoted the spread of Brucella spp. in these regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016

Liu

Wang²,

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…Genotype 116 is shared by strains from 28 different provinces in northern and southern China, revealing that these strains had a common geographic origin. Genotype 116 is responsible for the vast majority of Brucella infections in humans and animals [28] and is predominant in many countries, accounting for more than 77% of cases in Portugal and Kazakhstan, 37% in Spain, 16% in Turkey, and 10% in France [29]. Many shared MLVA-16 genotypes were observed among strains from northern and southern regions, and three brucellosis epidemic periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella melitensis , a latent “travel bacterium,” continual spread and expansion from Northern to Southern China and its relationship to worldwide lineages

Zhu

Zhao

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis is considered to be one of the most important zoonotic diseases in China. In this study, Conventional bio-typing, MLVA (multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis), and WGS (whole-genome sequencing)-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) were used to study the genetic similarity of B. melitensis in northern and southern China and analyze its relationship with worldwide lineages. Currently, the distribution of species/biovars of B. melitensis has obviously changed, and B. melitensis has become the dominant species in southern regions of China. Strains from the southern had a common geographic origin with strains from the northern. Many MLVA-16 events were shared in the genotypes of the southern and northern strains, suggest that genotypic movement occurred from north to south. Based on WGS-SNP analysis, strains from different provinces were closely related and may have descended from one common ancestor, suggests that the southern strains originated from northern China. These data indicate that B. melitensis is a latent "travel bacterium" that spread and expanded from North China to South China. Moreover, B. melitensis strains from China are also genetically related to strains from other Asian regions (Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia, and India). The movement of infected sheep and their products requires control.

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“…Kazakhstan is a hyperendemic area, considering the very high incidence rates in the human population and farm animals ( 1 ). From 1999 to 2016, 38,557 new cases of HB were recorded, with annual counts of cases ranging from 1,443 (2014) to 3,596 (2004) ( 8 ). In Pakistan, the high age-wise prevalence was recorded as 32.25% (98/304) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ( P < 0.05) in 21- to 30-year-old females ( 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

et al. 2021

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In this study, MLVA (multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis) genotype data of Brucella strains from 11 countries along the Silk Road were downloaded from the MLVAbank. MLVA data of strains were applied to the constructed Minimum Spanning Tree to explore the species/biovars distribution, geographic origins, and genetic relationships of the strains analyzed. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing–single-nucleotide polymorphism (WGS-SNP) phylogenetic analysis of the genome of Brucella melitensis strains from GenBank was performed to discriminate the relatedness of strains further and investigate the transmission pattern of B. melitensis brucellosis. A total of 1,503 Brucella strains were analyzed in this study: 431 Brucella abortus strains (29.8%), 1,009 B. melitensis strains (65.7%), and 63 Brucella suis strains (4.5%). B. melitensis biovar 3 was the dominant species and was shown to be widespread in all of the examined regions, suggesting that the prevention and surveillance of the B. melitensis population are a main challenge in these countries. A wide host spectrum was observed for this Brucella population; many animal reservoirs are a potential reason for the continuous brucellosis circulation in these countries. Although the B. abortus strains from the examined regions had common geographic origins, only a few shared genotypes were observed in different countries. These data revealed that the majority of B. abortus strains were spreading within the national borders. However, the B. melitensis strains from Italy originated from a Western Mediterranean lineage; strains from the other 10 countries originated from Eastern Mediterranean lineage, and this lineage was shared by strains from three to nine different countries, suggesting that the introduction and reintroduction of the disease in the 10 countries might have occurred in the past. Furthermore, the most shared MLVA-16 genotypes were formed in the B. melitensis strains from China, Kazakhstan, and Turkey, suggesting that the introduction and trade in sheep and goats have occurred frequently in these countries. WGS-SNP analysis showed that the B. melitensis in this study originated from the Malta (Italy) region. According to their territorial affiliation between four clade strains from these countries in genotype B, the absence of a clear differentiation suggests that strains continuously expand and spread in countries along with Silk Road. Active exchange and trade of animals (sheep and goats) among these countries are reasonable explanations. B. suis strains from different nations showed unique geographic origins and epidemiological characteristics. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the control of transfer and trade of infected sheep (goats) in countries along the Silk Road, namely, the strengthening of the entry–exit quarantine of sheep and goats and improvements in the diagnosis of animal brucellosis.

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Genetic Diversity of Brucella melitensis in Kazakhstan in Relation to World-Wide Diversity

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016

Brucella melitensis , a latent “travel bacterium,” continual spread and expansion from Northern to Southern China and its relationship to worldwide lineages

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

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