Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat Genotypes (Triticum Aestivum L.) Revealed by Agromorphological Characteristics and Microsatellite SSR Markers

Abstract

The present study was conducted to understand the genetic diversity of bread wheat's that grown in Algeria, and to evaluate polymorphism information content (PIC) of some wheat SSR primers. It was undertaken to examine the genetic diversity of ten bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, using 16 microsatellite primer pairs (SSRs). SSR bands were scored across all genotypes, for presence (1) or absence (0) and transformed into 0/1 binary matrix. A pair-wise similarity matrix was generated with the software NTSYS. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.23 to 0.70 respectively for the primer WMC 21 and WMC 50 with an average of 0.49 and 0.52 per primer pair. The similarity coefficient between cultivars ranged from 0.28 and 0.91 with an average of 0.60. Most of the genotypes showed a high degree of genetic similarity. The highest genetic distance value of 0.91 has been scored between Kauz/Pastor/Fiscal and Prl/2*Pastor and between Kauz/Pastor/Fiscal and Wbll1*2/Brambling. The lowest genetic distance value of 0.28 has been scored between Arz and Babax/Lr42//Babax*2/3/Kukuna. Cluster analysis based on microsatellite allelic diversity discriminated the varieties into different clusters. Ten wheat cultivars were grouped in three clusters. The present study also indicates that microsatellite markers permit the fast and high throughout fingerprinting of accessions from a varieties collection in order to assess genetic diversity.

Validation of SSR Molecular Markers Linked to Drought Tolerant in Some Wheat Cultivars

“…In addition to Quarrie et al (2005) that the D genome gave the lowest number of polymorphic markers in hexaploid wheat maps, although the map length of the D genome was similar to those of the A and B genomes. The results of the present study along with other studies discussed above clearly demonstrate the utility of microsatellite markers in fast and high throughput fingerprinting of numbers of genotypes for detecting polymorphism and estimation of genetic diversity (Han et al, 2015;Karima et al, 2017;Kumar et al, 2016;Phougat et al, 2018). On other hand, chromosome 7 is conserving the most important chromosome harbinger QTL for drought (Morgan and Tan, 1996).…”

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Some Soft and Hard Wheat Varieties Based on SSR Marker

“…Other studies in different wheat collections as well have reported averages close to these findings (Zhang et al, 2010;Hao et al, 2011;Bafghi et al, 2014;Salehi et al, 2018;Slim et al, 2019). Kara et al, (2016) reported an average of 3.2. A similar pattern of few alleles per locus was also detected by Babay et al, (2015).…”