Genetic diversity for drought resistance in wild emmer wheat and its ecogeographical associations

Peleg, Zvi; Fahima, Tzion; Abbo, Shahal; Krugman, Tamar; Nevo, Eviatar; Yakir, Dan; Saranga, Yehoshua

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01259.x

Cited by 136 publications

(144 citation statements)

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“…Although effects of flowering and maturation time on fitness in our study were found to be indirect and mediated by other traits, under drought, plants that flowered and set seeds earlier had higher fitness. Similarly, early flowering was associated with higher fitness under experimentally induced drought stress in the study by Peleg et al (2005). Surprisingly, in our study, plants from arid range location HA flowered and produced seeds later than the plants from the two more mesic core locations (Table 2 and Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance

et al. 2014

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The adaptive potential of a population defines its importance for species survival in changing environmental conditions such as global climate change. Very few empirical studies have examined adaptive potential across species' ranges, namely, of edge vs core populations, and we are unaware of a study that has tested adaptive potential (namely, variation in adaptive traits) and measured performance of such populations in conditions not currently experienced by the species but expected in the future. Here we report the results of a Triticum dicoccoides population study that employed transplant experiments and analysis of quantitative trait variation. Two populations at the opposite edges of the species range (1) were locally adapted; (2) had lower adaptive potential (inferred from the extent of genetic quantitative trait variation) than the two core populations; and (3) were outperformed by the plants from the core population in the novel environment. The fact that plants from the species arid edge performed worse than plants from the more mesic core in extreme drought conditions beyond the present climatic envelope of the species implies that usage of peripheral populations for conservation purposes must be based on intensive sampling of among-population variation. Heredity (2014) 113, 268-276; doi:10.1038/hdy.2014; published online 2 April 2014 INTRODUCTION Plant performance and adaptive potential across species rangeThe 'abundant center' model (Sagarin and Gaines, 2002) predicts a decrease in population size toward the species distributional periphery that implies that evolutionarily stable limits of species geographic distributions are shaped by two genetic parameters, effective population size and the amount of gene flow, and that these two parameters are higher at the range center and lower at range margins. According to this concept, species do not expand beyond range edges and plants fail to adapt to local conditions there because of lower genetic diversity and higher genetic differentiation in geographically peripheral as compared with core populations and therefore limited availability of locally beneficial alleles in these populations (Mayr, 1963;Hoffmann and Blows, 1994; Hoffmann and Parsons, 1997;Lennon et al., 1997; Keitt, 2000, 2005;Blows and Hoffmann, 2005;Alleaume-Benharira et al., 2006).The 'abundant center' model also has implications for a question of how population position within a species range affects its evolutionary potential, namely, its ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. If peripheral populations have lower genetic variation in potentially adaptive traits than populations at the species core because of strong genetic drift, as predicted by the 'abundant center' model, then their potential for evolutionary adaptation to future changes will be low. On the other hand, if peripheral populations maintain substantial genetic variation in traits conferring adaptation to the specific range conditions, then their evolutionary potential and hence conservation value will be hig...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance

et al. 2014

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“…Other numbers correspond to 'LocationGenotype' identification numbers from the University of Haifa (UH) wheat germplasm collection (Nevo and Beiles 1989;Peleg et al 2005) and to varieties from the University of Bologna T. dicoccum collection (MG and IDG), seeds of which were kindly provided by Dr. Marco Maccaferri (University of Bologna, Italy). Theor Appl Genet.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large deletions in the CBF gene cluster at the Fr-B2 locus are associated with reduced frost tolerance in wheat

et al. 2013

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Wheat plants which are exposed to periods of low temperatures (cold acclimation) exhibit increased survival rates when they are subsequently exposed to freezing temperatures. This process is associated with large-scale changes in the transcriptome which are modulated by a set of tandemly duplicated CBF (C-repeat Binding Factor) transcription factors located at the Fr-2 (Frost Resistance-2) locus. While Arabidopsis has three tandemly duplicated CBF genes, the CBF family in wheat has undergone an expansion and at least 15 CBF genes have been identified, eleven of which are present at the Fr-2 loci on homoeologous group 5 chromosomes. We report here the discovery of three large deletions which eliminate six, nine, and all eleven CBF genes from the Fr-B2 locus in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. In wild emmer wheat, the Fr-B2 deletions were found only among the accessions from the southern sub-populations. Among cultivated wheats, the Fr-B2 deletions were more common among varieties with a spring growth habit than among those with a winter growth habit. Replicated freezing tolerance experiments showed that both the deletion of nine CBF genes in tetraploid wheat and the complete Fr-B2 deletion in hexaploid wheat are associated with significant reductions in survival after exposure to freezing temperatures. Our results suggest that selection for the wild type Fr-B2 allele may be beneficial for breeders selecting for varieties with improved frost tolerance.

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“…Higher activity of the enzymes was in line with higher levels of WSCs identified in them-acc 14004 under irrigated and acc 7079 under rain-fed conditions. The observation of such a trend in these wild accessions may partly be due to the influence of environment where they originated and later evolved, i.e., eastern Mediterranean region, characterized by a long, hot dry summer and a short, mild wet winter with fluctuating amounts and distribution of rainfall (Loss and Siddique 1994;Peleg et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of wild and cultivated wheats to water deficits during grain development: changes in soluble carbohydrates and invertases

Suneja

Gupta

Sharma

et al. 2015

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Wheat, staple food crop of the world, is sensitive to drought, especially during the grain-filling period. Water soluble carbohydrates (WSCs), stem reserve mobilization and higher invertase activity in the developing grains are important biochemical traits for breeding wheat to enhance tolerance to terminal drought. These traits were studied for three accessions of Triticum dicoccoides(a tetraploid wheat progenitor species) -acc 7054 (EC 171812), acc 7079 (EC 171837) and acc 14004 (G-194-3 M-6 M) selected previously on the basis of grain filling characteristics. Check wheat cultivars-PBW-343 (a popular bread wheat cultivar for irrigated environments) and C-306 (widely adapted variety for rain-fed agriculture) were also included in this set. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences for the content of water soluble carbohydrates, activity of acid invertase and alkaline invertase. Acc 7079 was found to be a very efficient mobilizer of water soluble carbohydrates (236.43 mg g -1 peduncle DW) when averaged over irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Acid invertase activity revealed marked genotypic differences between wild and cultivated wheats. Alkaline invertase activity was highest in Acc 7079 when pooled across both the environments. On the whole, acc 7079 qualifies as a suitable donor for enhancing tolerance of bread wheat to terminal drought. The association of physiobiochemical differences observed with grain filling attributes on one hand and molecular markers on the other could be of use in improving wheat for water stress conditions.

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Genetic diversity for drought resistance in wild emmer wheat and its ecogeographical associations

Cited by 136 publications

References 53 publications

Introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance

Introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance

Large deletions in the CBF gene cluster at the Fr-B2 locus are associated with reduced frost tolerance in wheat

Differential response of wild and cultivated wheats to water deficits during grain development: changes in soluble carbohydrates and invertases

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