Genetic diversity and population structure of founders from wildlife conservation management units and wild populations of critically endangered Dermatemys mawii

Gallardo-Alvarez, Manuel Ignacio; Lesher-Gordillo, Julia María; Machkour‐M’Rabet, Salima; Zenteno-Ruiz, Claudia Elena; Olivera‐Gómez, León David; Barragán-Vázquez, María del Rosario; Ríos-Rodas, Liliana; Valdés-Marín, Alejandra; Vázquez-López, Héctor Gilberto; Arriaga-Weiss, Stefan L.

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00616

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Values of genetic diversity for captive populations were slightly higher than wild population as reported for Elusor macrurus (Schmidt et al, 2018) and Dermatemys mawii Gray, 1847 (Testudines, Dermatemydidae) (Gallardo-Alva´rez et al, 2019). Because founder individuals of the UMAs (captive population) originate from two distinct localities: Pomposu that is located within the Grijalva River Sub-Basin and El Espino located in the Usumacinta River Sub-Basin (see Figure 1), the genetic pool of these founders could be higher due to the mix of different genetic sources that will reflect the genetic structure of the wild populations related with the river basins (see below in the discussion for more detail).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Because founder individuals of the UMAs (captive population) originate from two distinct localities: Pomposu that is located within the Grijalva River Sub-Basin and El Espino located in the Usumacinta River Sub-Basin (see Figure 1), the genetic pool of these founders could be higher due to the mix of different genetic sources that will reflect the genetic structure of the wild populations related with the river basins (see below in the discussion for more detail). This situation was reported for Lithobates sevosus Goin & Netting, 1940 (Anura, Ranudae), a critically endangered frog from the southeastern USA (Hinkson et al, 2016), and for Dermatemys mawii a critically endangered freshwater turtle (Gallardo-Alva´rez et al, 2019), suggesting that the captive population is genetically representative of natural populations (Hinkson et al, 2016) and could be used to found new wild populations (Edwards et al, 2014). Also, founder individuals are approximately 40 years of age, and genetic diversity represents the situation from several decades ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Conservation and Management ofTrachemys venusta venustain Southern Mexico: A Genetic Approach

Recino-Reyes

Lesher-Gordillo

Machkour‐M’Rabet

et al. 2020

Tropical Conservation Science

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The Meso-American slider turtle ( Trachemys venusta) is a freshwater turtle that is widely distributed from Mexico to Colombia. Due to the overexploitation of populations of this species in Mexico, it has been placed within the “subject to special protection” category formulated by the Official Mexican Standard NOM-059-ECOL-2010. In the state of Tabasco, Mexico, Management Units for the Conservation of Wildlife (UMA) were created to reduce the impact of overexploitation of freshwater turtles bred in captivity. However, no genetic management plan was considered. The present study was carried out in an UMA in the state of Tabasco. We obtained the level of genetic diversity of the founder individuals of the UMA in order to develop a management plan which will optimize reproduction in the UMA. Genetic diversity was compared between captive (n = 86) and wild (n = 45) individuals using 14 microsatellite molecular markers. The genetic diversity parameter determined in this study was slightly higher for captive than for wild population ( He = 0.606 and He = 0.594 respectively), reflecting the mix of genetic sources in captive group (founding individuals from different localities) and demonstrating that the captive population contains a diverse subset of alleles from representative populations. The analysis of genetic structure revealed a relationship between captive and wild populations, indicating the influence of the two principal river basins in this region on the populations structure of freshwater turtles. Finally, according to the results obtained from the relationship analysis, we recommend the use of 19 females and 13 males to constitute the appropriate breeding group, generating a potential of 247 dyads with no relationship. However, in order to improve breeding program and the genetic diversity of captive population, we suggest to introduce wild-caught individuals. These results are the first regarding genetic management in a Mexican UMA and demonstrate the importance of molecular approaches in the management and conservation of captive species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Conservation and Management ofTrachemys venusta venustain Southern Mexico: A Genetic Approach

Recino-Reyes

Lesher-Gordillo

Machkour‐M’Rabet

et al. 2020

Tropical Conservation Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because founder individuals of the UMAs (captive population) come from two distinct localities: Pomposu that is within the Grijalva River Sub-Basin and El Espino in the Usumacinta River Sub-Basin (see Fig 1), the genetic pool of those founders could be higher due to the mix of genetic sources. This situation was reported for Lithobates sevosus Goin & Netting, 1940 (Anura, Ranudae), a critically endangered frog from the southeastern USA [75], and for Dermatemys mawii a critically endangered freshwater turtle [74], suggesting that the captive population is genetically representative of natural populations [75] and could be used to found new wild populations [76]. Also, founder individuals are approximately 40 years of age, and genetic diversity represents the situation from several decades ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Values of genetic diversity for captive population were slightly higher than wild population as reported for Elusor macrurus [72] and for Dermatemys mawii Gray, 1847 (Testudines, Dermatemydidae) [74]. Because founder individuals of the UMAs (captive population) come from two distinct localities: Pomposu that is within the Grijalva River Sub-Basin and El Espino in the Usumacinta River Sub-Basin (see Fig 1), the genetic pool of those founders could be higher due to the mix of genetic sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genetic diversity, structure, and kinship analysis ofTrachemys venusta venustain Wildlife Management Units and wild populations in south Mexico. Implications for conservation and management

Lesher-Gordillo

Recino-Reyes

M’Rabet

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The Meso-American slider turtle (Trachemys venusta) is a freshwater turtle endemic to Mexico and Central America. Due to the overexploitation of its natural populations, it is in the at risk category formulated by the Official Mexican Standard NOM-059-ECOL-2010. In the state of Tabasco, Management Units for the Conservation of Wildlife (UMA) were created to reduce the impact of overexploitation of freshwater turtles. However, no genetic management plan was considered. This study presents the level of genetic diversity of the founder individuals in order to develop a management plan which will optimize reproduction in the UMA. Genetic diversity was compared between captive (n = 45) and wild (n = 86) individuals using 14 microsatellite molecular markers. Level of genetic diversity could be considered as low (He < 0.6) for a species of turtle and suggests that a higher level of protection is required for this particular species. Furthermore, values were slightly higher for the captive group reflecting the mix of genetic sources (founding individuals from different localities) and demonstrating that the captive population is genetically representative of natural populations. The genetic structure analysis revealed a relationship between captive and wild populations, indicating the influence of the two principal river basins in this region on the population of freshwater turtles. Finally, according to the results obtained from the analysis conducted using Storm and ML-Relate programs, we recommend the use of 19 females and 13 males, generating a potential of 247 dyads with no relationship. These first results of genetic management in a Mexican UMA, demonstrate the importance of molecular approaches at the time of managing and conserving species in captivity.

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“…Samples were obtained using a permit SGPA/DGVS/011,085/16 provided by Mexico´s federal environmental agency (SERMARNAT). Characteristics of UMAs can be found by Gallardo-Alvarez et al (2019). All founder individuals had a straight-line carapace length of ≥ 38 cm, so were of reproductive age and possibly older than 10 years (Bishop et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Relationship Between Founders of a Threatened Freshwater Turtle in a Mexican Wildlife Management Unit. A Conservation Strategy

Gallardo-Alvarez,

Lesher-Gordillo,

Machkour-M’Rabet

et al. 2023

Tropical Conservation Science

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Management Units for Wildlife Conservation (UMAs according to its Spanish acronym), are used for the ex-situ reproduction of freshwater turtles. These areas, often administered by local communities, are dedicated to conservation and sustainable management. The critically endangered freshwater turtle Dermatemys mawii has been successfully reproduced in several UMAs; however, no genetic management plan has been developed to maintain offspring genetic variability. Therefore, this study aims to determine the kinship relationship and homozygosity through the loci index of founder individuals in three UMAs devoted to the reproduction of D. mawii for the establishment of breeding groups. We collected skin samples of D. mawii in 2017 from 117 founder individuals from three UMAs located in the state of Tabasco, southeast Mexico. Ten specific D. mawii microsatellite markers were used for genotyping the founder individuals. We estimated the pedigree relationship between founders and proposed the formation of three breeding groups to optimize the use of related and non-related individuals to meet UMA-specific objectives and evaluated the genetic diversity retention of the breeding groups. The breeding groups were integrated as follows: 1) conservation breeding group consisting of 16 unrelated females and 7 unrelated males that presented a lower level of homozygosity (< 0.4); 2) research breeding group consisting of 45 females and 16 males that were unrelated or presented a half-sibling relationship and with a medium level of homozygosity (<0.6); and 3) a sustainable breeding group comprising 29 females and 4 males that were not necessarily unrelated and with a high level of homozygosity (> 0.6). Genetic diversity retention (Ho, He) was highest for the conservation breeder group and research breeder group. UMAs can create 3 breeding groups with different objectives: 1) species conservation, 2) research, and 3) sustainable use of species. All breeding groups can retain genetic diversity. Our proposal can enrich conservation actions and sustainable use for D. mawii at both national and international levels, specifically within the Mesoamerican corridor.

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Genetic diversity and population structure of founders from wildlife conservation management units and wild populations of critically endangered Dermatemys mawii

Cited by 6 publications

References 61 publications

Conservation and Management ofTrachemys venusta venustain Southern Mexico: A Genetic Approach

Conservation and Management ofTrachemys venusta venustain Southern Mexico: A Genetic Approach

Genetic diversity, structure, and kinship analysis ofTrachemys venusta venustain Wildlife Management Units and wild populations in south Mexico. Implications for conservation and management

Genetic Relationship Between Founders of a Threatened Freshwater Turtle in a Mexican Wildlife Management Unit. A Conservation Strategy

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