Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia spp. Isolates Associated with Red Cabbage in Samsun (Turkey)

Abstract

A total of 132 Rhizoctonia isolates were recovered from red cabbage plants with root rot and wirestem symptoms in the province of Samsun (Turkey) between 2018 and 2019. Based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region located between the 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes and including nuclear staining, these 124 isolates were assigned to multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani, and eight were binucleate Rhizoctonia. The most prevalent anastomosis group (AG) was AG 4 (84%), which was subdivided into AG 4 HG-I (81%) and AG 4 HG-III (3%), followed by AG 5 (10%) and AG-A (6%), respectively. The unweighted pair group method phylogenetic tree resulting from the data of 68 isolates with the inter-PBS amplification DNA profiling method based on interspersed retrotransposon element sequences confirmed the differentiation of AGs with a higher resolution. In the greenhouse experiment with representative isolates (n = 24) from AGs on red cabbage (cv. Rondale), the disease severity index was between 3.33 and 4.0 for multinucleate AG isolates and ranged from 2.5 to 3.17 for AG-A isolates. In the pathogenicity assay of six red cabbage cultivars, one isolate for each AG was tested using a similar method, and all cultivars were susceptible to AG 4 HG-I and AG 4 HG-III isolates. Redriver and Remale were moderately susceptible, while Rescue, Travero, Integro, and Rondale were susceptible to the AG 5 isolate. The results indicate that the most prevalent and aggressive AGs of Rhizoctonia are devastating pathogens to red cabbage, which means that rotation with nonhost-crops for these AGs may be the most effective control strategy. This is the first comprehensive study of Rhizoctonia isolates in red cabbage using a molecular approach to assess genetic diversity using iPBS-amplified DNA profiling.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from Turkish sourdough by iPBS-retrotransposons markers

“…The findings of this study suggest that the iPBS markers also provide helpful information regarding the genetic variation and the population structure of S. cerevisiae from different locations. Similarly, the utility of iPBS retrotransposons in fungi for the assessment of genetic diversity and population structure was also reported by other researchers (Ates et al 2019;Erper et al 2021;Ozer et al 2016Ozer et al , 2017.…”

Ceratobasidium sp. AG-A, ROOT PATHOGEN OF Calibrachoa hybrida

“…causing disease on thirty-nine plant species in the world (Farr and Rossman, 2022). The clade AG-A is pathogenic on potato (Solanaceae) (Miles et al, 2013), soybean, pea, snap bean (Fabaceae) (Yang et al, 2005), pack choi and red cabbage (Brassicaceae) (Yang et al, 2005;Erper et al, 2021), sugar beet (Amaranthaceae) (Miles et al, 2013), and strawberry (Rosaceae) Fang et al, 2013. The present study adds calibrachoa to the list of solanaceous hosts of the pathogen.…”

Genetic variation of Cerastium alpinum L. from Babia Góra, a critically endangered species in Poland

“…It does not require prior knowledge of the sequence, making it suitable for many objects, including "orphan crops" with underdeveloped marker systems. This marker system has been successfully used for the molecular characterization of different plant species, such as chickpea (Andeden et al 2013), pea (Baloch et al 2015), quinoa (Hossein-Pour et al 2019, grapevine (Milovanov et al 2019), lianas from genus Gnetum (Doungous et al 2020), onion (Khapilina et al 2021a(Khapilina et al , 2021b, or pathogenic fungi, e.g., representatives of genus Alternaria (Turzhanova et al 2020) and Rhizoctonia (Erper et al 2021). This method has also found application in phylogenetic research of saffron (Bayat et al 2018) and emmer wheat (Arystanbekkyzy et al 2019).…”