Genetic diversity and its geographic structure in Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) across India – implications for managing phosphine resistance

Thangaraj, Sonai Rajan; McCulloch, Graham A.; Subtharishi, Subramanian; Chandel, Rahul Kumar; Debnath, Sadhan; Subramaniam, Chandrasekaran; Walter, Gimme H.; Mohankumar, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2019.101512

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Many studies have shown that low genetic structure is a common occurrence in pests of stored grain [ 12 , 13 ], including in maize weevil [ 9 , 11 ]. However, few of these studies have used markers with the power to identify recent and ongoing local adaptation [ 20 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together, these results suggest the recent worldwide expansion of the maize weevil. Similarly, studies in the rice weevil and other pest of stored grain have also shown evidence for low levels of population structure [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few population genetic studies have been conducted on the maize weevil and its sister species, the rice weevil, S. oryzae [8][9][10][11][12]. Those studies have shown that there is very little genetic differentiation between geographically dispersed populations [9,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genetic structure of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, in southern Mexico

et al. 2023

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The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, is a ubiquitous pest of maize and other cereal crops worldwide and remains a threat to food security in subsistence communities. Few population genetic studies have been conducted on the maize weevil, but those that exist have shown that there is very little genetic differentiation between geographically dispersed populations and that it is likely the species has experienced a recent range expansion within the last few hundred years. While the previous studies found little genetic structure, they relied primarily on mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite markers for their analyses. It is possible that more fine-scaled population genetic structure exists due to local adaptation, the biological limits of natural species dispersal, and the isolated nature of subsistence farming communities. In contrast to previous studies, here, we utilized genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data to evaluate the genetic population structure of the maize weevil from the southern and coastal Mexican states of Oaxaca and Chiapas. We employed strict SNP filtering to manage large next generation sequencing lane effects and this study is the first to find fine-scale genetic population structure in the maize weevil. Here, we show that although there continues to be gene flow between populations of maize weevil, that fine-scale genetic structure exists. It is possible that this structure is shaped by local adaptation of the insects, the movement and trade of maize by humans in the region, geographic barriers to gene flow, or a combination of these factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genetic structure of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, in southern Mexico

et al. 2023

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“…The different level of resistance ratios among different populations of the same species, as observed in this study, might be due to their genetic diversity [ 72 , 73 ] and distinct geographical areas [ 35 ]. The elevated frequency of phosphine applications in a given area is associated with low genetic diversities of stored-product coleopterans, compared with areas with less frequent applications of phosphine, due to the suppression of low frequency haplotypes [ 74 , 75 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Phosphine Resistance in Field Populations of Four Key Stored-Grain Insect Pests in Pakistan

Wakil

Kavallieratos

Usman

et al. 2021

Insects

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In Pakistan, the control of stored-product insect pests mainly relies on the use of phosphine gas along with other control tactics. The aim of this study was to determine the level of phosphine resistance among ten differently located populations of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Laboratory-susceptible populations of all insect species were also considered in the experiments. Concentration–response bioassays were conducted for each species. All of the tested populations (10 out of 10) of each species were found to be resistant to phosphine, but varied in their level of resistance. Probit analysis estimated LC50 at 2.85, 1.90, 2.54 and 2.01 ppm for laboratory-susceptible populations of R. dominica, S. granarius, T. castaneum and T. granarium, respectively. Against R. dominica, the highest and lowest resistance levels were observed in the Rahim Yar Khan (LC50 at 360.90 ppm) and Rawalpindi (LC50 at 210.98 ppm) populations, respectively. These resistant populations were 126.67- and 74.02-fold more resistant than the laboratory population. The Multan and Lahore populations of S. granarius exhibited the maximum (LC50 at 122.81 ppm) and minimum (LC50 at 45.96 ppm) resistance levels, respectively, i.e., they were 64.63- and 24.18-fold more resistant than the laboratory population. The Layyah population of T. castaneum showed the maximum resistance level (LC50 at 305.89 ppm) while the lowest was observed in the Lahore population (LC50 at 186.52 ppm), corresponding to 120.42- and 73.43-fold more resistant than the laboratory population, respectively. Regarding T. granarium, the Layyah population showed the maximum resistance level (LC50 at 169.99 ppm) while the Lahore population showed the minimum resistance (LC50 at 74.50 ppm), i.e., they were 84.57- and 37.06-fold more resistant than the laboratory population, respectively. Overall, R. dominica presented the highest resistance level, followed by T. castaneum, T. granarium and S. granarius. The current study suggests that the application of phosphine may not be an adequate control strategy for the management of the above tested insect pests in Pakistan.

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“…17 Molecular identification of S. zeamais and S. oryzae and genetic distribution of these two weevil species were carried out in Brazil using COI primers 18 towards developing and implementing effective pest and resistance management strategies. Though genetic diversity of S. oryzae in India was explored to a limited extent 19 detailed studies related to pest and resistance management are lacking till date. Thus, accurate identification of insect populations tested in bioassays is critical for developing species specific pest and resistance management strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and molecular analyses in rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linneaus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): identification of a super kdr mutation, T929I, conferring resistance to deltamethrin

Singh

Jagadeesan

Thangaraj

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a cosmopolitan pest of stored cereal grains and other commodities globally. Infestations caused by S. oryzae makes grains unsuitable for consumption, processing, and export. Deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used in major grain storages in India as a prophylactic treatment to control this pest. However, recurrent use of this insecticide had led to genetic resistance in S. oryzae, questioning its ongoing use at the current recommended concentration. RESULTS: Dose response analysis of resistant (Delta-R) and susceptible (Lab-S) strains of S. oryzae collected from grain storages across southern India, revealed that Delta-R was 134-fold more resistant than the Lab-S at median lethal concentration (LC 50 ). A concentration of 180 ppm over 48 h effectively discriminated 16 resistant field populations from Lab-S with per cent resistance ranging from 8.72% to 75.86%. Exposing all the resistant populations to 1000 ppm over 48 h identified 12 populations with strongly resistant individuals and confirmed the existence of two distinct resistance phenotypes, 'weak' and 'strong' in S. oryzae. Furthermore, sequence analysis of the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene in Delta-R identified a single target site mutation, T929I conferring resistance in S. oryzae. CAPS (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence) marker analysis of this allele confirmed that frequency of resistance is high (up to 0.96) supporting the results of phenotypic analysis. CONCLUSION: Both phenotype and molecular marker analyses clearly demonstrated that deltamethrin at 180 and 1000 ppm can be used to discriminate weakly and strongly resistant populations in S. oryzae, respectively. Resistance diagnostics based on the mutation, T929I, supports our phenotypic data and indicates that resistance to deltamethrin in S. oryzae is prevalent in southern parts of India, stressing the need to identify a synergist or suitable alternatives.

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Genetic diversity and its geographic structure in Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) across India – implications for managing phosphine resistance

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Population genetic structure of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, in southern Mexico

Population genetic structure of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, in southern Mexico

Detection of Phosphine Resistance in Field Populations of Four Key Stored-Grain Insect Pests in Pakistan

Phenotypic and molecular analyses in rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linneaus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): identification of a super kdr mutation, T929I, conferring resistance to deltamethrin

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