Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indian Salmon, <i>Eleutheronema tetradactylum</i> from South Asian Countries Based on Mitochondrial COI Gene Sequences

Abstract

Eleutheronema tetradactylum is an important commercial fish species exposed to intense exploitation both in Southeast Asian countries and Northern parts of Australia. Research on the population structure of E. tetradactylum in these coastal waters is substantial in order to ensure sustainable use and appropriate resource management. In this study, genetic variation, diversity and population structure of E. tetradactylum among four FAO fishing areas, along South Asian countries, were evaluated using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Totally 30 sequences of COI gene were collected from four FAO fishing areas. Among these 30 individuals, 18 distinct haplotypes were defined. High levels of haplotype diversity (hd = 0.952 ± 0.096) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.01536 ± 0.00312) were observed in the population within the Bay of Bengal. No haplotype and nucleotide diversity were observed in South China Sea population. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that whereas 0.81% of the genetic variation occurred within the populations, 7.09% occurred among populations. Significant genealogical branches were recognized in North Australian populations (one clade), South China Sea populations (one clade), Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal populations (one clade on the neighbor-joining tree). These results suggested that E. tetradactylum populations in FAO fishing areas 51, 57 and 61 have developed different genetic structures. Tests of neutral evolution and mismatch distribution suggest that a population growth of E. tetradactylum may take place in these fishing areas.

DNA-based taxonomy of a mangrove-associated community of fishes in Southeast Asia

“…Therefore, such genetic variability may more likely be the signal of hidden diversity. Large genetic differentiation has been reported in E. tetradactylum (family Polynemidae) among allopatric populations within the Indian Ocean 45 . Our results are consistent with 45 , further indicating that differentiation in this lineage is not only allopatrically but, also, sympatrically distributed.…”

“…Large genetic differentiation has been reported in E. tetradactylum (family Polynemidae) among allopatric populations within the Indian Ocean 45 . Our results are consistent with 45 , further indicating that differentiation in this lineage is not only allopatrically but, also, sympatrically distributed. Recent molecular taxonomic studies on the family Mugilidae in which are included O. perusii and P. subviridis , evidenced a very high level of cryptic diversity in the Indo-West Pacific region 46 , 47 .…”

Phylogenetic analysis revealed first report of Eleutheronema rhadinum lineage in the coastal waters of Malaysia

“…Several studies on the phylogenetic relationships and population genetic structure of threadfin fishes, including Eleutheronema species have been conducted (Horne et al, 2011;Horne et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014;Thirumaraiselvi and Thangaraj, 2015) for specimens from Australia, East Asia and South Asia, but study on specimen of Eleutheronema from Malaysian waters has never been conducted. Hence, the present study aims to genetically identify Eleutheronema specimens collected from various locations in Malaysian coastal waters and further analyzed their phylogenetic relationships using sequence analysis of mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene.…”