Genetic dissimilarity among jabuticaba trees native to southwestern Paraná, Brazil

Abstract

-Knowledge on the genetic diversity within and between genotype groups is of great importance for breeding programs. The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic dissimilarity among 36 native jabuticaba trees (Plinia cauliflora) from five sites in the southwestern region of Paraná, Brazil. Sixteen fruit traits were analyzed, based on multivariate techniques (canonical variables, Tocher and UP-GMA), using Mahalanobis´ distance as dissimilarity measure. By the techniques of clustering and graphic dispersion, together with the comparison of means, the genetic diversity among native jabuticaba trees was efficiently identified, indicating a high potential of these genotypes for breeding programs. The traits of greatest importance for dissimilarity were percentage of pulp and of skin, which are easily measured. The clustering structure is related to the collection sites and for breeding programs, genotypes from different sites should be crossed to generate progenies to be tested. Genotypes 'CV5' and 'VT3' should be conserved in genebanks, due to its important agronomic traits.

<b>Aspects of the sensorial quality and nutraceuticals of <i>Plinia cauliflora</i> fruits

“…Danner et al (2011a), who evaluated jabuticaba fruits of this same population, observed a mean weight of 7.3 g. These results were similar to those obtained in the present study: in 2013 and 2014, the average fresh weights of the fruit were 6.53 and 7.29 g, respectively, and the average equatorial diameters were 21.7 and 22.3 mm, respectively. In a study conducted with eight jabuticaba clones in Viçosa (Minas Gerais State), Pereira, Salomão, Mota, and Vieira (2000) observed variation ranging from 7-15 g for the fresh weight of fruit, which could possibly be explained by the local climatic conditions and the presence of long days, high temperatures and rainfall levels that were suitable for the development of the species.…”

“…Superior results for passion fruit were found by Gonçalves et al (2007) and Santos, Bruckner, Cruz, Siqueira, and Rosado (2011), who showed mean values of 86.25 and 89.54 mm, respectively, for polar diameter and 75.37 and 77.92 mm, respectively, for equatorial diameter, with more oval-shaped fruit compared to the results of the present study (rounded shape). A study conducted by Danner et al (2011a), who evaluated jabuticaba fruits from the same population as in the present study, found an equatorial diameter of 22.6 mm. This characteristic is important for analysis because although the fruits are commercialized by fresh weight and diameter (mainly equatorial), the equatorial diameter has been used for other fruit trees in terms of selection and fruit classification by size, with the largest being valued, adding more value.…”

“…These three native species of jabuticaba (P. cauliflora, P. Trunciflora, and P. jaboticaba) present some distinctive phenotypic characteristics that are easy to recognize as described by Danner, Citadin, Sasso, Scariot, and Benin (2011a).…”

“…The acceptance of jabuticaba in the consumer market is almost unanimous because of its pleasant taste and its many functional properties, such as the presence of vitamins (Giacometti & Lleras, 1994), flavonoids (Danner et al, 2011a) and anthocyanins (Santos, Veggi, & Meireles, 2010;Danner et al, 2011a), as well as its antioxidant effects against free radicals (Sá et al, 2014).…”

Embalagem, Época E Ácido Indolbutírico Na Propagação De Jabuticabeira Por Alporquia

“…Além disso, é utilizada pela indústria farmacêutica pelas suas características nutracêuticas, devido à presença de compostos funcionais (DANNER et al, 2011;CAVALCANTI et al, 2011). Neste sentido, para aumentar o aproveitamento deste potencial econômico, é necessária a formação de pomares comerciais, utilizando-se de plantas uniformes e com boas características agronômicas.…”