Genetic differentiation in North American and European populations of the cladoceran Bythotrephes

Abstract

Bythotrephes cederstroemi, a Palearctic cladoceran (Crustacea) zooplankter, has recently invaded all of

Invasion genetics of a freshwater mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in eastern Europe: high gene flow and multiple introductions

“…Previous surveys of allozymes and mitochondrial DNA have identified similar levels of genetic diversity between source and invading populations of Dreissena mussels (Hebert et al, 1989;Marsden et al, 1995;Wilson et al, 1999b;Lewis et al, 2000) and bivalves in general (Duda, 1994;Holland, 2001), suggesting a lack of founder or selection effects. In contrast, reduced genetic diversity has been reported for other invading organisms including waterfleas, Bythotrephes longimanus and Cercopagis pengoi (Berg and Garton, 1994;Cristescu et al, 2001;Berg et al, 2002;Therriault et al, 2002a, b), the green alga Codium fragile spp. trementosoides (Provan et al, 2005) and the periwinkle Litorina saxatalis (Knight et al, 1987).…”

Reconstructing the history of intercontinental dispersal in Daphnia lumholtzi by use of genetic markers

“…A strong genetic similarity between these populations and those from another continent would be consistent with that continent being the source of the invading populations. For example, allozyme analysis of the cladoceran Bythotrephes cederstroemi indicated the similarity of Great Lakes populations and those from Finland, but their marked divergence from Swedish and German populations, suggesting Finland as the source of colonization (Berg and Garton 1994). A preliminary allozyme study of D. lumholtzi indicated a high similarity between two North American populations, but their marked divergence from an Australian population, suggesting that the source was not Australia (Havel and Hebert 1993).…”

Population biology of a failed invasion: Paleolimnology of Daphnia exilis in upstate New York

“…Although there has been considerable debate surrounding the founding of new populations from a small number of individuals, clearly some genetic changes during invasion-associated bottlenecks may be expected from theoretical considerations (Mayr 1965;Nei et al 1975;Barton and Charlesworth 1984;Carson and Templeton 1984), from studies of threatened species (O'Brien et al 1987), and from the results of laboratory experiments (Bryant and Meffert 1991;Leberg 1992; but see Rice and Hostert 1993). Numerous studies have sought to document these changes early in the colonization process for a variety of species, including several freshwater vertebrates and invertebrates (Black et al 1988;Hebert et al 1989;Weider 1991;Vriejenhoek and Graven 1992;Berg and Garton 1994;Marsden et al 1995;Dougherty et al 1996). Typically, it is expected that brief drops in population size should result only in the loss of rare alleles, not overall heterozygosity (Balanya et al 1994;Marsden et al 1995).…”