Genetic differences within natural and planted stands of Quercus petraea

Abstract

Five sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.] stands from the Czech Republic were studied to learn about the impact of different types of forest management regimes on the genetic differences among tree populations and on population structures. One population had not been markedly affected by human activity, two populations represented unplanted stands that were extensively managed for a long period of time using the coppice system, and two populations were planted stands. Approximately 100 trees from each stand were mapped and subsequently genotyped using 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. We determined the spatial genetic structure of each population and the genetic differentiation among the populations. We found that: (i) the populations were genetically differentiated, but the differences between the unplanted and planted stands were not markedly significant; (ii) the genetic differentiation among the populations depended on the geographical distribution of the populations; (iii) within unplanted stands, a strong spatial genetic structure was seen; and (iv) within planted stands, no spatial genetic structure was observed. Our findings implies that the analysis of spatial genetic structure of the sessile oak forest stand can help reveal and determine its origin.

Ecological-Genetic Studies and Conservation of Endemic <i>Quercus sideroxyla</i> (Trel.) in Central Mexico

“…The average allele diversity obtained in the four loci used for Q. sideroxyla (Ao = 21 ± 5.65) was equal to or greater than those of the other oak species that were subjected to forest management, such as Q. suber (Ao = 13.1 ± 6.62) [38] and Q. petraea (Ao = 18.7 ± 5.65) [39]. The diversity of Q. sideroxyla was also equal to or greater than those species that had been submitted to cattle or agriculture, such as Q. humboldtii (Ao = 13 ± 8.5) [40], and that of the complex of red oaks formed by Q. rubra, Q. shumardii and Q. palustris (Ao = 17.1 ± 4.93) [41].…”

“…The gravity seed dispersal system of Q. sideroxyla, common in Sierra Fría oaks [8] [9], could be responsible for the formation of family groups. Family groups in oaks generally occur at short distances (less than 20 meters) from the progenitor tree [39]. For example, in Q. petraea [46], family groups could be identified by their genetic similarity and the spatial distribution among individuals.…”

Does the genetic diversity among pubescent white oaks in southern Italy, Sicily and Sardinia islands support the current taxonomic classification?

“…This suggests that SAR16 population may have experienced selective removal of trees aimed at favoring particular phenotypes that in addition to changing physiognomy and structure could have also influenced the genetic diversity of the forest ecosystem. A narrow selection of seed-producing trees may in fact lead to a lower variability in forest stands (Dostálek et al 2011) so that it could be assumed that the centuries-old individuals scattered in the SAR16 population (or at least a part of them) are progeny of few progenitor oaks. The hypothesis that SAR16 stand originates from just a few progenitors is in agreement with what reported in Lawson et al (2018), as the relatively strong genetic drift experienced by these trees would cause them to appear as a discrete cluster.…”

Manejo forestal y diversidad genética de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl, & Cham, en Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca

“…Por lo que su uso es ineludible a nivel mundial, en los planes de manejo (Lee et al, 2002;Rajora y Pluhar, 2003;Glaubitz et al, 2003;Dostálek et al, 2011). El estudio genético de poblaciones de especies bajo tratamiento silvicultural previene que la diversidad genética se erosione y, junto con ella, la capacidad de las especies para responder a factores bióticos como parásitos, enfermedades y depredadores y abióticos, como el cambio climático (Schaal et al, 1991;Yanchuk et al, 2008;Hedrick, 2011;Dvorak, 2012), A pesar de la relevancia de los estudios genéticos en especies bajo manejo forestal, en el mundo, pocas especies han sido sujetas a este tipo de estudios, particularmente en ecosistemas tropicales (Lee et al, 2002;Glaubitz et al, 2003;Degen et al, 2006) y templados (Rajora y Pluhar, 2003;Luna-Rodríguez et al, 2005;Núñez-Medrano, 2010;Dostálek et al, 2011). En México, los trabajos con marcadores moleculares, particularmente con microsaté-lites son escasos, a pesar de ser uno de los marcadores moleculares con mayor polimorfismo (Luna-Rodríguez et al, 2005;Núñez-Medrano, 2010), esto probablemente debido a su alto costo monetario (Rentería-Alcántara, 2007;Loo, 2011), la falta de conocimientos por parte de la industria forestal de este tipo de herramientas (Palmberg-Lerche, 2002) y al escaso interés de colaboración entre instituciones de educación superior y las organizaciones forestales del país.…”