Genetic Control of O3 Sensitivity in a Cross Between Two Cultivars of Snap Bean

Reinert, R. A.; Eason, G.

doi:10.21273/jashs.125.2.222

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, R123 produced a greater number of small sterile pods than S156 when grown in open‐top chambers, possibly reflecting a subtle genotype difference in reproductive biology. Efforts are underway to determine whether other lines from the original Reinert and Eason (2000) snap bean cross exhibit the same ozone‐tolerance as R123 with a growth habit more similar to S156. This will be the next step in the development of a potential snap bean bioindicator system for assessment of ambient ozone effects on vegetation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Snap bean is known to be an ozone‐sensitive species (Krupa et al, 2001). A genetic cross between an ozone‐sensitive cultivar (Oregon‐91) and ozone‐insensitive cultivar (Wade) resulted in a population that exhibited a wide range of ozone sensitivity (Reinert and Eason, 2000). From this population, snap bean lines have been developed that exhibit a range of ozone response in terms of biomass production under elevated ozone conditions (Burkey and Eason, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Ambient Ozone Effects on Vegetation Using Snap Bean as a Bioindicator Species

2005

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Tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant that is toxic to plants, causing visible injury to foliage and a reduction in growth and yield. The use of plant bioindicators is one approach to assess the ozone impacts in diverse geographical areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a potential bioindicator species. Three snap bean genotypes known to exhibit a range of ozone sensitivity were grown in pots under charcoal-filtered (CF) or nonfiltered (NF) treatments in open-top chambers, or under ambient air (AA) conditions. Treatment effects on biomass were not significant at 56 days after planting (DAP), but midseason foliar injury increased in the NF and AA treatments relative to CF controls. An increase in ozone from 25 to 30 nL L(-1) in CF controls to approximately 50 nL L(-1) in the NF and AA treatments was found to suppress final pod dry weight per plant by 40 to 60% in the most sensitive genotype S156. The same treatments suppressed final pod dry weight by 20 to 30% in a moderately sensitive genotype Oregon-91, and by 10% or less in a tolerant genotype R123. An S156 to R123 yield ratio of approximately one was observed under CF conditions. The S156 to R123 yield ratio declined to 0.6 to 0.7 in the NF treatment and declined further to 0.4 to 0.5 in the AA treatment, suggesting that ozone impact was underestimated in the open-top chambers. The results suggest that a snap bean bioindicator system has the potential to detect ambient ozone effects at present-day ozone concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Ambient Ozone Effects on Vegetation Using Snap Bean as a Bioindicator Species

2005

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“…The experiment was performed with snap bean at our field site 5 km south of Raleigh, NC. A commercial snap bean cultivar (Tenderette) and a snap bean selection (S156) derived from a cross between the O 3 –sensitive cultivar (Oregon 91) and the O 3 –tolerant cultivar (Wade Bush) (Reinert and Eason, 2000) were used. Both of these cultigens (Cg) exhibit determinate growth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Yield Responses of Snap Bean to Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Ozone

et al. 2002

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Elevated CO 2 concentrations expected in the 21st century can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas tropospheric 03 suppresses plant growth and yield in many areas of the world. Recent experiments showed that elevated CO 2 often protects plants from 03 stress, but this has not been tested for many important crop species including snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The objective of this study was to determine if elevated CO 2 protects snap bean from 03 stress. An O 3 -tolerant cultivar (Tendereffe) and an 0 3 -sensitive selection (S156) were exposed from shortly after emergence to maturity to mixtures of CO 2 and 03 in open-top field chambers. The two CO 2 treatments were ambient and ambient with CO 2 added for 24 h d-l resulting in seasonal 12 h d-l (0800-2000 h EST) mean concentrations of 366 and 697 FL L-l, respectively. The twvo 03 treatments were charcoal-filtered air and nonfiltered air with 03 added for 12 h d-I to achieve seasonal 12 h d-I (0800-2000 h EST) mean concentrations of 23 and 72 nL L', respectively. Elevated CO 2 significantly stimulated growth and pod weight of Tenderette and S156, whereas elevated 03 significantly suppressed growth and pod weight of S156 but not of Tenderette. The suppressive effect of elevated 03 on pod dry weight of S156 was approximately 75% at ambient CO 2 and approximately 60% at elevated CO 2 (harvests combined). This amount of protection from 03 stress afforded by elevated CO 2 was much less than reported for other crop species. Extreme sensitivity to 03 may be the reason elevated CO 2 failed to significantly protect S156 from 03 stress.

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“…Dose-response studies for a range of crops have revealed that O 3 sensitivity is a heritable trait (Reinert & Eason, 2000) and is highly variable among species and among cultivars (Ariyaphanphitak et al, 2005;Mills et al, 2007;Mills & Harmens, 2011). The maximum stomatal conductance which a species or cultivar can reach (g max ) is thought to play a role in determining O 3 sensitivity, because greater conductance results in greater O 3 uptake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to ozone pollution increased with time? An analysis of published dose–response data

Osborne

Mills

Hayes

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

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The rising trend in concentrations of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) -a common air pollutant and phytotoxin -currently being experienced in some world regions represents a threat to agricultural yield. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an O 3 -sensitive crop species and is experiencing increasing global demand as a dietary protein source and constituent of livestock feed. In this study, we collate O 3 exposure-yield data for 49 soybean cultivars, from 28 experimental studies published between 1982 and 2014, to produce an updated dose-response function for soybean. Different cultivars were seen to vary considerably in their sensitivity to O 3 , with estimated yield loss due to O 3 ranging from 13.3% for the least sensitive cultivar to 37.9% for the most sensitive, at a 7-h mean O 3 concentration (M7) of 55 ppb -a level frequently observed in regions of the USA, India and China in recent years. The year of cultivar release, country of data collection and type of O 3 exposure used were all important explanatory variables in a multivariate regression model describing soybean yield response to O 3 . The data show that the O 3 sensitivity of soybean cultivars increased by an average of 32.5% between 1960 and 2000, suggesting that selective breeding strategies targeting high yield and high stomatal conductance may have inadvertently selected for greater O 3 sensitivity over time. Higher sensitivity was observed in data from India and China compared to the USA, although it is difficult to determine whether this effect is the result of differential cultivar physiology, or related to local environmental factors such as co-occurring pollutants. Gaining further understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to O 3 will be important in shaping future strategies for breeding O 3 -tolerant cultivars.

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Genetic Control of O3 Sensitivity in a Cross Between Two Cultivars of Snap Bean

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Assessment of Ambient Ozone Effects on Vegetation Using Snap Bean as a Bioindicator Species

Assessment of Ambient Ozone Effects on Vegetation Using Snap Bean as a Bioindicator Species

Growth and Yield Responses of Snap Bean to Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Ozone

Has the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to ozone pollution increased with time? An analysis of published dose–response data

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