Genetic and Serological Characterization of Novel Serotype G8 Bovine Group A Rotavirus Strains Isolated in Japan

Abstract

ABSTRACT. G8 bovine group A rotaviruses isolated in Japan were genetically and serologically characterized. The VP7 gene nucleotide and amino acid sequences revealed high identity with each other. All Japanese G8 strains were classified into the same lineage in the phylogenetic analysis based on VP7 gene sequences. Antisera to four Japanese G8 strains neutralized other G8 strains, but their neutralizing titers were between 8-fold lower and 2-fold higher than homologous strains. These results suggest that the VP7s of Japanese G8 strains have similar genetic and serologic characteristics. Observed differences in the neutralizing abilities of antisera f or each strain appear to depend on differences in the P serotypes/genotypes.

Are Human P[14] Rotavirus Strains the Result of Interspecies Transmissions from Sheep or Other Ungulates That Belong to the Mammalian Order Artiodactyla ?

“…, together with a few gene reassortments, and the phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the P [14] human strains evaluated in this study were closely related to rotavirus strains isolated from sheep, cattle, goats, guanacos, and antelopes and to rabbits (albeit to a lesser extent), suggesting that one (or more) of these animal species might be the source of the human G6P [14] strains. The main feature of the genotype and phylogenetic analyses was the close overall genomic relatedness between the five human G6P [14] rotavirus strains and the ovine and antelope rotavirus strains.…”

“…The main feature of the genotype and phylogenetic analyses was the close overall genomic relatedness between the five human G6P [14] rotavirus strains and the ovine and antelope rotavirus strains. Taken together, these data strongly suggest a common origin for the human P [14] strains and those of the even-toed ungulates belonging to the mammalian order Artiodactyla, with sheep probably playing a key role in the interspecies transmission responsible for the introduction of P [14] rotavirus strains into the human population.…”

“…G12 might be the next important emerging strain, as it has been identified in sporadic cases and outbreaks in countries around the world (3, [6] in Africa or, more specifically, G8P [6] in Malawi and G5P [8] in Brazil, are regionally prevalent (1,10,29,47). Additional G types (G6, G8, G10, and G11) and P types ( [1], [3], [9], [10], [11], [14], [19], and [25]) have also been detected sporadically in humans (29,47). Many of these genotypes are believed to have originated from animal rotaviruses that were introduced into the human populations through interspecies transmission and/or gene reassortments, one of the major ways in which genetic rotavirus diversity is generated (12,27,29,43).…”

“…An increasing number of human P [14] rotavirus strains, mainly in combination with G6 (PA169, PA-5/89, MG6, ASG6.02, aG6.01, MG6.01, and Hun5) and, to a lesser extent, with G8 (HAL1166, HAL1271, EGY1850, DG8, and PR/1300/ 04), G10 (A64 and Mc35), G1 (GR55/87, GR475/87, GR506/ 87, GR951/87, and GR67/91), and G3 (PA710 and B4106), have been described across the globe (2, 4, 9, 11, 17-19, 21, 22, 30, 32, 33, 36, 37, 53). The P [14] genotype is commonly found in rabbits (7), but it has also been described in goats, antelope, cattle (15,20), sheep (8), and guanacos (Lama guanicoe) (38).…”

“…The P [14] genotype is commonly found in rabbits (7), but it has also been described in goats, antelope, cattle (15,20), sheep (8), and guanacos (Lama guanicoe) (38). The G6 genotype is the most frequently detected G type in cattle, followed by G10, G8, and G15 (29).…”