Genetic and Life Style Risk Factors for Recurrent Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Following Liver Transplantation

Iacob, Speranţa; Beckebaum, Susanne; Iacob, Răzvan; Gheorghe, Cristian; Cicinnati, Vito R.; Popescu, Irinel; Gheorghe, Liana

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.787430

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…In fact, our patient's pretransplant overweight and liver steatosis were predictive of an unfavorable outcome. It is wellestablished in the literature that pretransplant obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, a sedentary lifestyle, and increased fat and fructose intake are among the most common risk factors for recurrent NAFLD among patients with known NASH ( 29 – 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: NAFLD and maple syrup urine disease: Is there an interplay between branched-chain amino acids and fructose consumption?

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe worldwide increase in pediatric overweight and obesity, in parallel with the global increase in the consumption of sucrose and fructose, is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Elevated branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are a metabolic feature related to obesity and an early risk factor for insulin resistance and NAFLD. However, few studies have assessed metabolic risk factors and nutritional status in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) patients under restricted BCAA and high carbohydrate diets.Methods and resultsHerein, we present a pilot report of a 17-year-old boy with classic MSUD with poor diet compliance and high fructose consumption, mainly during early adolescence. At that time, he was overweight and developed features of metabolic syndrome, including persistently elevated liver enzymes and hepatic steatosis. He underwent liver transplantation at the age of 13 years to prevent the risk of progressive cognitive impairment. Two months later, NAFLD relapsed in the graft, despite a better BCAA balance and weight loss. Nevertheless, 6 months after dietary restriction of fructose consumption, NAFLD had sustainably improved.ConclusionChildhood overweight and fructose overconsumption are wellestablished driving forces in the development of pediatric NAFLD. However, their role in the early onset and progression of NAFLD in the allograft remains to be established. Furthermore, it is not known whether the dysmetabolic state associated with elevated BCAAs may be contributory. Further studies are required with a cohort of MSUD subjects to validate our findings and to ascertain the possible interaction between a BCAA imbalance and dietary intake in the development of NAFLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: NAFLD and maple syrup urine disease: Is there an interplay between branched-chain amino acids and fructose consumption?

et al. 2022

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“…Although cirrhosis-related complications resolve in NASH patients, the metabolic factors persist and can increase with steroids and immunosuppressive therapy [127]. In a period of less than 6 months to 10 years, the recurrence of NAFLD occurred in 8.2% to 62.5% of recipients [128]. Bhati and colleagues demonstrated, over a median time of 47 months after NASH transplant, that liver biopsies revealed 88.2% of patients had recurrent NAFLD while 41.2% had recurrent NASH.…”

Section: Recurrent Nashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in the 21st Century: Impact on Liver Disease and Liver Transplantation

Samuel

Abulawi

Malik

2023

Gastroenterology Insights

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Hepatitis C infection is a leading etiology of hepatic dysfunction and a major indication for liver transplantation due to the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and, specifically, its subtype nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a rising cause of liver disease. It is predicted to surpass hepatitis C as a leading indication for transplant. The introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) decreased the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infections, but the obesity epidemic and metabolic syndrome have increased the prevalence of NASH. Weight loss and dietary modifications are recommended NASH therapies, but unlike for hepatitis C, federally approved agents are lacking and currently under investigation. Clinical trials face many barriers in NASH treatment because of the difficulty of diagnosis and a lack of standardized and accurate clinical and histologic responses. Mortality and morbidity in NASH are heightened because of the presence of multiple comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and renal dysfunction. A liver transplant may be indicated, but a thorough screening of candidates, including a comprehensive cardiovascular assessment, is essential to ensuring successful outcomes pre- and post-transplant. Therapeutic agents for NASH are warranted before it becomes a significant and leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.

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“…or ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms, have been shown to be risk factors for recurrent NASH. [77][78][79] Post-LT NASH is a strong predictor of long-term mortality, whereas simple steatosis is unlikely to have a severe impact on post-LT outcomes. 80 Standard biochemical liver tests and imaging modalities, including transient or magnetic resonance elastography, are used for monitoring patients at risk of recurrent or de novo NAFLD/NASH after LT. 62 Here, we exemplify the occurrence of post-LT NAFLD/NASH by analyzing 101 recipients who underwent LT for non-B non-C cirrhosis and HCC (excluding AIH, PBC, PSC, and cases with overlapping etiologies) from 1996 to 2020 at Kyoto University Hospital, Japan.…”

Section: Liver Tr Ans Pl Antation For Nafld/na S H -Rel Ated Cirrhos ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The post‐LT body mass index and hyperlipidemia were the most consistent predictors of post‐LT graft steatosis 76 . In addition, donor graft steatosis and genetic predisposition, such as recipient and/or donor PNPLA3, TM6SF2, GCKR, MBOAT7 or ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms, have been shown to be risk factors for recurrent NASH 77–79 . Post‐LT NASH is a strong predictor of long‐term mortality, whereas simple steatosis is unlikely to have a severe impact on post‐LT outcomes 80 .…”

Section: Liver Transplantation For Nafld/nash‐related Cirrhosis and Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 76 In addition, donor graft steatosis and genetic predisposition, such as recipient and/or donor PNPLA3, TM6SF2, GCKR, MBOAT7 or ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms, have been shown to be risk factors for recurrent NASH. 77 , 78 , 79 Post‐LT NASH is a strong predictor of long‐term mortality, whereas simple steatosis is unlikely to have a severe impact on post‐LT outcomes. 80 Standard biochemical liver tests and imaging modalities, including transient or magnetic resonance elastography, are used for monitoring patients at risk of recurrent or de novo NAFLD/NASH after LT. 62 …”

Section: Liver Transplantation For Nafld / ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current status of liver transplantation for non‐B non‐C liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Nishio

Ito

Hata

et al. 2022

Annals of Gastroent Surgery

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Recently, non‐B non‐C chronic liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), have markedly increased worldwide. Liver transplantation (LT) is an effective curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as decompensated liver cirrhosis. In Japan, where the source of liver grafts is strongly dependent on living donors, efforts have been made to unify the indications for eligibility of HCC patients for LT, leading to the development of 5‐5‐500 criteria. Along with the expansion of eligibility for LT, the current changing trends in underlying liver diseases of LT recipients, which are related to the rising tide of non‐B non‐C cirrhosis and HCC, are highlighting the importance of peri‐transplant management of patients with various comorbidities. The post‐LT prognosis of patients with ALD is significantly affected by de novo malignancies and metabolic syndrome‐related complications as well as posttransplant alcohol relapse. NAFLD/NASH patients often suffer from obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and other metabolic syndrome‐related disorders, and nonneoplastic factors such as cardiovascular events and recurrence of NAFLD/NASH have a significant impact on post‐LT outcomes. Patient management in the peri‐transplant period as well as risk assessment for LT are key to improving post‐LT outcomes in the era of a growing number of cases of LT for non‐B non‐C liver diseases.

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Genetic and Life Style Risk Factors for Recurrent Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Following Liver Transplantation

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Case report: NAFLD and maple syrup urine disease: Is there an interplay between branched-chain amino acids and fructose consumption?

Case report: NAFLD and maple syrup urine disease: Is there an interplay between branched-chain amino acids and fructose consumption?

Hepatitis C and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in the 21st Century: Impact on Liver Disease and Liver Transplantation

Current status of liver transplantation for non‐B non‐C liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

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