Genetic and evolutionary characterization of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus isolates from Argentina

Pisano, María Belén; Torres, Carolina; Ré, Viviana Elizabeth; Farías, Adrián; Seco, María Paz Sánchez; Tenorio, Antonio; Campos, Rodolfo Héctor; Contigiani, Marta Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.05.011

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…22 Later, a human outbreak was recorded in Formosa Province in 1989 and soon after a RNV strain was isolated from the field mouse A. azarae. 29,30 Further studies in Argentina detected this virus in different mosquito species including Ochlerotatus scapularis, Cx. maxi, Cx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…interfor in Chaco, Tucumán, and Córdoba provinces, showing a wide geographical and temporal distribution. 30,31 Although RNV was detected in Argentina from mosquito species other than Cx. pipiens, sequence similarity suggests that a very similar strain is present in Uruguay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enzootic virus has been recovered in Argentina (Chaco, Formosa, and Tucuman provinces) from mosquitoes and detected by serology in humans. 30,37 Infections by MADV in horses appear restricted to four departments (Rocha, Rivera, San José, and Soriano), with a seroprevalence of about 4.4%. There are few reports of human disease associated with MADV, 38,39 the most recent coming from an encephalitis outbreak in Panama.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Characterization and Seroprevalence Studies on Alphaviruses in Uruguay

Burgueño

Frabasile

Díaz

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Alphaviruses () are arboviruses frequently associated with emerging infectious diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of alphaviruses in Uruguay by detecting the viral genome in mosquitoes and neutralizing antibodies in equines. A total of 3,575 mosquitoes were analyzed for alphavirus genome detection. Serologic studies were performed on 425 horse sera by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) subtype IAB, Pixuna virus (PIXV), Rio Negro virus (RNV), western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), and Madariaga virus (MADV). Mosquitoes belonging to six genera were captured and 82.9% were identified as . Two pools collected in Fray Bentos and Las Toscas localities were alphavirus positive, and phylogenetic analyses showed that the sequences grouped into two different clusters: the lineage I of eastern equine encephalitis virus and RNV (VEEV complex), respectively. Plaque reduction neutralization test assays showed antibodies against strains of the VEEV complex, MADV, and WEEV. Rio Negro virus was the most geographically widespread virus, showing higher seroprevalences (up to 20%). Seroprevalences against VEEV IAB ranged between 4.6% and 13%; antibodies against PIXV, WEEV, and MADV were less frequent (3-4%). In conclusion, RNV exhibited the highest seroprevalence in horses, a wide geographical distribution, and viral genome was detected in mosquitoes. Madariaga virus had a low seroprevalence in equines, but an epizootic lineage typical of North America was detected in mosquitoes. Taken together, our results show that alphaviruses are present in Uruguay with variable occurrence and geographical distribution being a potential threat for human and equine health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Characterization and Seroprevalence Studies on Alphaviruses in Uruguay

Burgueño

Frabasile

Díaz

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Conversely, Rio Negro virus (RNV), which also belongs to the VEEV complex, was associated only with febrile illness in humans. It was isolated from mosquitoes and rodents, and serological studies indicate the presence of human antibodies in Argentina [9,10]. A recent serologic survey from Paraguay also reported neutralizing antibodies to this virus in the human population [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alphavirus Identification in Neotropical Bats

Marrero

Núñez

Frabasile

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Alphaviruses (Togaviridae) are arthropod-borne viruses responsible for several emerging diseases, maintained in nature through transmission between hematophagous arthropod vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts. Although bats harbor many species of viruses, their role as reservoir hosts in emergent zoonoses has been verified only in a few cases. With bats being the second most diverse order of mammals, their implication in arbovirus infections needs to be elucidated. Reports on arbovirus infections in bats are scarce, especially in South American indigenous species. In this work, we report the genomic detection and identification of two different alphaviruses in oral swabs from bats captured in Northern Uruguay. Phylogenetic analysis identified Río Negro virus (RNV) in two different species: Tadarida brasiliensis (n = 6) and Myotis spp. (n = 1) and eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) in Myotis spp. (n = 2). Previous studies of our group identified RNV and EEEV in mosquitoes and horse serology, suggesting that they may be circulating in enzootic cycles in our country. Our findings reveal that bats can be infected by these arboviruses and that chiropterans could participate in the viral natural cycle as virus amplifiers or dead-end hosts. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of these mammals in the biological cycle of these alphaviruses in Uruguay.

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Evolutionary analyses of Sindbis virus strains isolated from mosquitoes in Kenya

et al. 2018

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Sindbis virus (SINV) is a mosquito borne virus maintained in nature in a mosquito-bird cycle, with human outbreaks known to occur in Northern Europe and parts of Africa. We analyzed five SINV strains isolated in Kenya from five different mosquito species and geographic locations between 2007 and 2013. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary inferences were performed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic inference approaches. Selection analyses were carried out based on the virus envelope glycoproteins (E1, E2) and non-structural protein (nsP4) genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the Kenyan SINV isolates belonged to genotype 1 with selection analyses suggesting that SINV E1, E2 and nsP4 protein encoding genes were predominantly evolving under negative selection.

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Genetic and evolutionary characterization of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus isolates from Argentina

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Genomic Characterization and Seroprevalence Studies on Alphaviruses in Uruguay

Genomic Characterization and Seroprevalence Studies on Alphaviruses in Uruguay

Alphavirus Identification in Neotropical Bats

Evolutionary analyses of Sindbis virus strains isolated from mosquitoes in Kenya

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