Evolutionary analyses of Sindbis virus strains isolated from mosquitoes in Kenya

Sigei, Faith; Nindo, Fredrick; Mukunzi, Silvanos; Ng’ang’a, Zipporah; Sang, Rosemary

doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3869-8

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…pipiens in the MMNR is likely due to vertical or environmental transmission. SINV has been isolated from Culex and Aedes mosquito species in Kenya (Sigei et al, 2018) and has been found in a Cx. pipiens mosquito that had fed on human blood in Baringo County, Kenya (Omondi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenya

Musa

Muturi

Musyoki

et al. 2020

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Background: Zoophilic mosquitoes play an important role in the transmission of arboviruses of medical importance at human-wildlife interfaces, yet arbovirus surveillance efforts have been focused mostly on anthropophilic mosquitoes. Understanding the diversity of zoophilic mosquitoes and their associated feeding patterns and arboviruses can inform better vector control strategies. Materials and Methods: We morphologically identified mosquitoes collected from two game reserves in Kenya, the Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR) and locations near the Shimba Hills National Reserve (SHNR). Representative mosquitoes were also identified by cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) barcode sequencing. In addition, we identified the vertebrate hosts of mosquito blood meals from the contents of each mosquito's abdomen by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis and sequencing of COI, 16S ribosomal RNA, and cytochrome b gene PCR products. Similarly, mosquito arbovirus infections were identified by HRM analysis and sequencing of Alphavirus-and Flavivirus-specific RT-PCR products. Results: Of 2858 mosquitoes collected, 51 were engorged with blood meals from seven different vertebrate hosts, including humans, birds, domestic, and peridomestic animals and wildlife. Culex was the most abundant mosquito genus, with Culex pipiens being the most abundant species in both study regions. Among MMNR samples, we detected dengue serotype-2 virus (DENV-2) for the first time in Aedes tarsalis and Aedes tricholabis, as well as Sindbis virus in male Cx. pipiens. We also detected DENV-2 in Aedes aegypti sampled from locations near the SHNR. Human and diverse wildlife blood meals were identified, including bushbuck blood in the dengue-infected Ae. tarsalis and both human and hippopotamus blood in a single Eretmapodites chrysogaster mosquito. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the potential risk of sylvatic dengue and Sindbis transmission to humans by zoophilic mosquitoes at human-wildlife interfaces in Africa. Of specific importance, we provide evidence of sylvatic DENV-2 in Ae. tarsalis and Ae. tricholabis, representing potential new dengue vectors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenya

Musa

Muturi

Musyoki

et al. 2020

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…Kenya harbors more than 80 different Aedes species () but not all have been associated with the spread of mosquito viruses. An important species is A. ochraceus which is highly distributed in the arid regions of north-eastern Kenya and linked to the spread of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), NDUV, Bunyamwera virus (BUNV), Babanki virus (BBKV), Sindbis virus (SNBV), and Semliki Forest virus (SMFV) in the region [4,11,34,35,36,37,38]. Additionally, this species has also been reported to be associated with RVFV, dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHKV) in coastal counties (Kwale, Kilifi, Mombasa, Lamu) [11,33,39], and some parts of in the western region [22].…”

Section: Overview Of the Main Mosquito Genera Of Public Health Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquitoes of Etiological Concern in Kenya and Possible Control Strategies

Karungu

Atoni

Ogalo

et al. 2019

Insects

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Kenya is among the most affected tropical countries with pathogen transmitting Culicidae vectors. For decades, insect vectors have contributed to the emergence and distribution of viral and parasitic pathogens. Outbreaks and diseases have a great impact on a country’s economy, as resources that would otherwise be used for developmental projects are redirected to curb hospitalization cases and manage outbreaks. Infected invasive mosquito species have been shown to increasingly cross both local and global boarders due to the presence of increased environmental changes, trade, and tourism. In Kenya, there have been several mosquito-borne disease outbreaks such as the recent outbreaks along the coast of Kenya, involving chikungunya and dengue. This certainly calls for the implementation of strategies aimed at strengthening integrated vector management programs. In this review, we look at mosquitoes of public health concern in Kenya, while highlighting the pathogens they have been linked with over the years and across various regions. In addition, the major strategies that have previously been used in mosquito control and what more could be done to reduce or combat the menace caused by these hematophagous vectors are presented.

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“…Virus circulation outside of Europe has been detected primarily based upon virus isolation and serology in native populations rather than outbreaks of Sindbis disease. SINV has been isolated from mosquitoes in Kenya [302]. South Africa has reported infections but underreporting is highly likely as Sindbis disease may be attributed to other illnesses with similar symptoms [259].…”

Section: Potential For Future Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic Alphaviruses: Ecology, Emergence and Outbreaks

et al. 2020

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Over the past century, the emergence/reemergence of arthropod-borne zoonotic agents has been a growing public health concern. In particular, agents from the genus Alphavirus pose a significant risk to both animal and human health. Human alphaviral disease presents with either arthritogenic or encephalitic manifestations and is associated with significant morbidity and/or mortality. Unfortunately, there are presently no vaccines or antiviral measures approved for human use. The present review examines the ecology, epidemiology, disease, past outbreaks, and potential to cause contemporary outbreaks for several alphavirus pathogens.

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Evolutionary analyses of Sindbis virus strains isolated from mosquitoes in Kenya

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Arboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenya

Arboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenya

Mosquitoes of Etiological Concern in Kenya and Possible Control Strategies

Epidemic Alphaviruses: Ecology, Emergence and Outbreaks

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