Genetic and Epigenetic Underpinnings of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Sherrill, Joseph D.; Rothenberg, Marc E.

doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.02.003

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…The genetic associations and epigenetic changes observed in EoE have been nicely reviewed recently [44]. While not the focus of this review, these studies have provided important launching points for subsequent experimental approaches in mice and humans designed to elucidate the immunologic mechanisms of EoE.…”

Section: Genetics Epigenetics and Transcriptional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunologic Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Hill

Spergel

2016

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease that is triggered by food and/or environmental allergens and is characterized by a clinical and pathologic phenotype of progressive esophageal dysfunction due to tissue inflammation and fibrosis. EoE is suspected in patients with painful swallowing, among other symptoms, and is diagnosed by the presence of 15 or more eosinophils per high-power field in one or more of at least four esophageal biopsy specimens. The prevalence of EoE is increasing and has now reached rates similar to those of other chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as Crohn’s disease. In recent years, our understanding of the immunologic mechanisms underlying this condition has grown considerably. Thanks to new genetic, molecular, cellular, animal, and translational studies, we can now postulate a detailed pathway by which exposure to allergens results in a complex and coordinated type 2 inflammatory cascade that, if not intervened upon, can result in pain on swallowing, esophageal strictures, and food impaction. Here, we review the most recent research in this field to synthesize and summarize our current understanding of this complex and important disease.

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Section: Genetics Epigenetics and Transcriptional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunologic Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Hill

Spergel

2016

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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“…70 A specific serum micro-RNA (miRNA) signature pattern including induction of miR-21 and miR-223, and repression of miR-375 has been associated with EoE and is distinct from healthy control patients and those with noneosinophilic forms of esophagitis. 71, 72 Furthermore, this signature nearly completely reverts to normal on disease remission. 71, 72 Despite these findings, serum miRNA levels do not always reflect changes in esophageal biopsies 73 and further investigation is warranted to determine the clinical and diagnostic significance of miRNA dysregulation in EoE.…”

Section: Emerging Methods Of Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…71, 72 Furthermore, this signature nearly completely reverts to normal on disease remission. 71, 72 Despite these findings, serum miRNA levels do not always reflect changes in esophageal biopsies 73 and further investigation is warranted to determine the clinical and diagnostic significance of miRNA dysregulation in EoE.…”

Section: Emerging Methods Of Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

Role of Endoscopy in Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Muir

Merves

Liacouras

2016

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America

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“…14 In further support, clinical characterization of children and adults reveals many highly atopic patients posses a Th2-type inflammatory profile. Basic studies in experimental models of EoE reveal that T cell-deficient mice, but not B cell-deficient mice, were protected from esophageal inflammation and esophageal inflammation induced by aero- and food- allergens, IL-13, and IL-5.…”

Section: Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Eosinophils in Gastrointestinal Disorders

Mehta

Furuta

2015

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America

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Synopsis The gastrointestinal tract provides an intriguing organ for considering the eosinophil’s role in health and disease. The normal gastrointestinal (GI) tract, except for the esophagus, is populated by eosinophils that are present throughout the mucosa in varying numbers. This latter fact raises the possibility that eosinophils participate in innate mechanisms of defense. In contrast, a number of clinical studies provide a wealth of data that associates increased numbers of eosinophils with inflammatory GI diseases; these findings prompt concerns that eosinophils may have a deleterious effect on the gut. In this article we present clinical features of 4 disease processes that have been associated with eosinophilia and suggest areas requiring investigation as to their clinical significance and scientific relevance.

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Genetic and Epigenetic Underpinnings of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Cited by 38 publications

References 62 publications

The Immunologic Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

The Immunologic Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Role of Endoscopy in Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Eosinophils in Gastrointestinal Disorders

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