Genetic and demographic dynamics of small populations of Silene latifolia

Richards, Christopher M.; Emery, Stacie N.; McCauley, David E.

doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800214

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…2009). Natural patches are often in disturbed habitats (Goulson & Jerrim 1997) and can be small and isolated (Richards, Emery & Mccauley 2003; Elzinga et al. 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male moths provide pollination benefits in the Silene latifolia–Hadena bicruris nursery pollination system

Labouche

Bernasconi

2010

Functional Ecology

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Summary1. Evolutionary conflicts of interest underlie mutualisms, including plant ⁄ pollinator interactions. This is particularly evident in 'nursery pollination', in which the pollinators lay eggs inside the flowers and the offspring of the pollinator consume the developing seeds. Low benefit (pollination service) to cost (seed predation) ratios could destabilize such associations towards parasitism. 2. Although in most of the well-known cases pollen transfer is associated with oviposition, in some systems the males of the seed predator may contribute to pollination, affecting the strength and outcome of the interaction between the plant and their ovipositing pollinators. In addition, in dioecious species male and female plants differ in the direct costs of seed predation and benefits of attracting pollinators, which may lead to sex-specific strategies. 3. We investigated whether pollinator and plant sex affect pollination in the interaction between dioecious plant Silene latifolia and its nursery pollinator, Hadena bicruris (Noctuidae). 4. Data on visitation behaviour and pollination efficiency in experimental plant patches demonstrate that (i) male moths are equally efficient pollinators as female moths, leading to fruit initiation in around 80% of visits and to fertilization of around 45% of the ovules in one visit; (ii) female and male moths do not preferentially visit flowers of one sex; and (iii) feeding behaviour is sufficient to ensure pollen transfer. However, female moths visited significantly more flowers than male moths. 5. Altogether this suggests that both moth sexes provide a pollination benefit to the plant with no differences in pollination efficiency but that female moths, before seed predation costs are accounted for, seem to provide greater benefits owing to their increased activity. That male moths contribute to seed production likely decreases the plant's dependency on ovipositing moths for pollination.

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“…2009). Natural patches are often in disturbed habitats (Goulson & Jerrim 1997) and can be small and isolated (Richards, Emery & Mccauley 2003; Elzinga et al. 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male moths provide pollination benefits in the Silene latifolia–Hadena bicruris nursery pollination system

Labouche

Bernasconi

2010

Functional Ecology

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“…Moreover, the disproportionate loss of large populations from small reserves ( fig. 5) may reduce overall local rates of recruitment and increase the role of both demographic (Goodman 1987;Pimm et al 1988;Holsinger 2000) and genetic (Menges 1991;Newman and Pilson 1997;Richards et al 2003) stochasticity in influencing the fates of the remaining, smaller populations. However, such hypotheses can only be tested upon further detailed studies of the reproductive biology and population genetic structure of these taxa.…”

Section: Local Population Dynamics and The "Rescue Effect"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metapopulation Extinction Thresholds in Rain Forest Remnants

Zartman¹,

Shaw²

2006

The American Naturalist

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Although habitat fragmentation is a major threat to global biodiversity, the demographic mechanisms underlying species loss from tropical forest remnants remain largely unexplored. In particular, no studies at the landscape scale have quantified fragmentation's impacts on colonization, extinction, and local population growth simultaneously. In central Amazonia, we conducted a multiyear demographic census of 292 populations of two leaf-inhabiting (i.e., epiphyllous) bryophyte species transplanted from continuous forest into a network of 10 study sites ranging from 1, 10, and 100 to 110,000 ha in size. All populations experienced significantly positive local growth ( ) and a nearly constant per-generational l 1 1 extinction probability (15%). However, experimental leaf patches in reserves of ≥100 ha experienced nearly double (48%) the colonization probability observed in small reserves (27%), suggesting that the proximate cause of epiphyll species loss in small fragments (≤10 ha) is reduced colonization. Nonetheless, populations of small fragments exhibit rates of colonization above patch extinction, positive local growth, and low temporal variation, which are features that should theoretically reduce the probability of extinction. This result suggests that for habitat-tracking metapopulations subject to frequent and stochastic turnover events, including epiphylls, colonization/extinction ratios must be maintained well above unity to ensure metapopulation persistence.

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“…Founder populations appear as a consequence of occasional long-distance seed dispersal and consist of sibships from few or single fruits. This creates a unit of plants sufficiently large to be visible to pollinators [36], but increases the risk of inbreeding [15,34]. However, it is unknown whether inbred S. latifolia males suffer reduced fecundity under natural pollination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of inbreeding, genetic dissimilarity and phenotype on male reproductive success in a dioecious plant

et al. 2011

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Pollen fate can strongly affect the genetic structure of populations with restricted gene flow and significant inbreeding risk. We established an experimental population of inbred and outbred Silene latifolia plants to evaluate the effects of (i) inbreeding depression, (ii) phenotypic variation and (iii) relatedness between mates on male fitness under natural pollination. Paternity analysis revealed that outbred males sired significantly more offspring than inbred males. Independently of the effects of inbreeding, male fitness depended on several male traits, including a sexually dimorphic (flower number) and a gametophytic trait (in vitro pollen germination rate). In addition, full-sib matings were less frequent than randomly expected. Thus, inbreeding, phenotype and genetic dissimilarity simultaneously affect male fitness in this animal-pollinated plant. While inbreeding depression might threaten population persistence, the deficiency of effective matings between sibs and the higher fitness of outbred males will reduce its occurrence and counter genetic erosion.

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Genetic and demographic dynamics of small populations of Silene latifolia

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Male moths provide pollination benefits in the Silene latifolia–Hadena bicruris nursery pollination system

Male moths provide pollination benefits in the Silene latifolia–Hadena bicruris nursery pollination system

Metapopulation Extinction Thresholds in Rain Forest Remnants

The effects of inbreeding, genetic dissimilarity and phenotype on male reproductive success in a dioecious plant

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