GeneSys: a model of the influence of cropping system on gene escape from herbicide tolerant rapeseed crops to rape volunteers

Colbach, Nathalie; Clermont-Dauphin, Cathy; Meynard, Jean-Marc

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(00)00175-4

Cited by 106 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The other half result mostly from seeds that remained in the soil for more than 1 year or, in smaller proportions, from seeds produced within the feral population the previous year. This large contribution of a seed bank to the dynamics of feral populations should be taken into account in models of gene flow at the scale of an agro-ecosystem, such as genesys (Colbach, Clermont Dauphin & Meynard 2001). Indeed, because of this persistent seed bank, plants from cultivars grown in different years could produce hybrids between cultivars and might allow transgene-stacking if GM crops were to be grown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantifying the relative importance of different processes involved in the presence of feral oilseed rape populations is crucial to gene flow assessment at the landscape level, because of the potential role of feral populations as reservoirs or relays of genes (Colbach, Clermont Dauphin & Meynard 2001). It is necessary to address these issues on an ecological timescale and with respect to the landscape context of the populations observed (Sork et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a population forming a homogeneous continuum of plants could be a mixture in terms of origin and genetic pool. We chose a priori a segment length in the order of magnitude of (i) natural seed shedding (≈0.5 m in Colbach, Clermont Dauphin & Meynard 2001); (ii) the GPS precision (less than 1 m); and (iii) the road width (a few metres), justifying the separation of the roadsides. With hindsight, the choice was validated by the huge difference in the effects and contributions of fields and populations, depending on whether they were adjacent (at <3-4 m) or on the other roadside (up to 10 m).…”

Section: S P a T I A L S C A L E O F A N A L Y S E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2001;Ramsay, Thompson & Squire 2003;Crawley & Brown 2004). Not only do these populations provide an interesting case study of fragmented population dynamics, but models show that they could be important for gene-flow management (Colbach, Clermont Dauphin & Meynard 2001;Claessen, Giligan & Van den Bosch 2005;Garnier & Lecomte 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where do the feral oilseed rape populations come from? A large‐scale study of their possible origin in a farmland area

Pivard

Adamczyk

Lecomte

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary 1.Many cultivated species can escape from fields and colonize seminatural habitats as feral populations. Of these, feral oilseed rape is a widespread feature of field margins and roadside verges. Although considered in several studies, the general processes leading to the escape and persistence of feral oilseed rape are still poorly known. Notably, it remains unclear whether these annuals form transient populations resulting mainly from seed immigration (either from neighbouring fields or during seed transport), or whether they show real ability to persist (either through self-recruitment or seed banks). 2. We conducted a 4-year large-scale study of factors involved in the presence of feral oilseed rape populations in a typical open-field area of France. The results were subjected to statistical methods suitable for analysing large data sets, based on a regression approach. We subsequently addressed the relative contribution of the ecological processes identified as being involved in the presence of feral populations. 3. Many feral oilseed rape populations resulted from seed immigration from neighbouring fields (about 35-40% of the observed feral populations). Immigration occurred at harvest time rather than at sowing. Around 15% of such populations were attributed to immigration through seed transport. 4. The other half resulted from processes of persistence, mainly through persistent seed banks (35-40% of the observed feral populations). This was all the more unexpected because seed banks have not yet been documented on road verges (despite being frequent within fields). Local recruitment was rare, accounting for no more than 10% of the feral populations. 5. Synthesis and applications . Understanding the dynamics of feral oilseed rape populations is crucial for evaluating gene flow over an agro-ecosystem. Our results show that, while many feral populations do come from annual seed dispersal, a significant number also result from seeds stored in the soil for several years. In the current context of coexistence and management of transgenic with non-transgenic crops, feral persistence and, especially, the seed bank contribution to the dynamics of feral populations need to be considered seriously. The latter, combined with selfrecruitment, indicates a high potential for the persistence of transgenes and the possible emergence of gene-stacking.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S P a T I A L S C A L E O F A N A L Y S E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Where do the feral oilseed rape populations come from? A large‐scale study of their possible origin in a farmland area

Pivard

Adamczyk

Lecomte

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…2003). Concomitantly, within the context of the European public debate on GM crops, models at the landscape level (Colbach et al . 2001) were developed to provide expertise for the establishment of coexistence rules between GM and non-GM crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and estimating pollen movement in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) at the landscape scale using genetic markers

et al. 2007

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Understanding patterns of pollen movement at the landscape scale is important for establishing management rules following the release of genetically modified (GM) crops. We use here a mating model adapted to cultivated species to estimate dispersal kernels from the genotypes of the progenies of male-sterile plants positioned at different sampling sites within a 10 x 10-km oilseed rape production area. Half of the pollen clouds sampled by the male-sterile plants originated from uncharacterized pollen sources that could consist of both large volunteer and feral populations, and fields within and outside the study area. The geometric dispersal kernel was the most appropriate to predict pollen movement in the study area. It predicted a much larger proportion of long-distance pollination than previously fitted dispersal kernels. This best-fitting mating model underestimated the level of differentiation among pollen clouds but could predict its spatial structure. The estimation method was validated on simulated genotypic data, and proved to provide good estimates of both the shape of the dispersal kernel and the rate and composition of pollen issued from uncharacterized pollen sources. The best dispersal kernel fitted here, the geometric kernel, should now be integrated into models that aim at predicting gene flow at the landscape level, in particular between GM and non-GM crops.

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Assessing the Ecological Fitness of Recipients

Weis¹

2005

Gene Flow From GM Plants

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GeneSys: a model of the influence of cropping system on gene escape from herbicide tolerant rapeseed crops to rape volunteers

Cited by 106 publications

References 8 publications

Where do the feral oilseed rape populations come from? A large‐scale study of their possible origin in a farmland area

Where do the feral oilseed rape populations come from? A large‐scale study of their possible origin in a farmland area

Modelling and estimating pollen movement in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) at the landscape scale using genetic markers

Assessing the Ecological Fitness of Recipients

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