Genes coding for RNA polymerase β subunit in bacteria

Abstract

The nucleotide sequence of the rpoB gene of Salmonella typhimurium has been determined in this work. It was compared with known sequences of the gene from other sources and the conservative regions were detected. This allowed some interesting conclusions to be made about the distribution of the functional domains in bacterial RNA polymerase and about the three-dimensional structure of its p subunit.DNA-dependent synthesis of all types of RNA in bacteria is catalyzed by RNA polymerase, an oligomeric enzyme with the subunit structure .$j?'o (for review see [l]). To study the structure and the mechanism of RNA polymerase action, amino acid sequences of all subunits of the E. coli enzyme were determined [2-51, the subunit in contact with the DNA template, RNA product and substrates were identified [6] and several mutations leading to RNA polymerase resistance to the antibiotics rifampicin and streptolydigin were localized [7 -101. These investigations indicated an important role for the RNA polymerase p subunit at all stages of RNA synthesis. This paper presents the results of cloning and sequencing of the rpoB gene coding for the subunit of Salmonella typhimurium RNA polymerase.The primary structure of the Salmonella typhimurium rpoB gene coding for RNA polymerase p subunit was determined (4.2 kb in toto). On comparison with homologous Escherichia coli and tobacco chloroplasts gene sequences, nine conservative and six variable regions of the [ j subunit structure were identified. Analysis of available genetic data allowed some preliminary conclusions to be made concerning the location of the putative functional domains in the structure of the p subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase and to devise a hypothesis about the spatial proximity of the central part of the p subunit to its N-and C-terminal domains.

The hepatic interleukin‐6 receptor Down‐regulation of the interleukin‐6 binding subunit (gp80) by its ligand

“…A specific radioactivity of 800 kBq//.tg was obtained. The biological activity of the iodinated IL6 was essentially unchanged [14].…”

“…RhlL6 was iodinated according to the procedure of Markwell [131 with modifications as previously described [14]. A specific radioactivity of 800 kBq//.tg was obtained.…”

Fiber-Modified Adenovirus Vectors Decrease Liver Toxicity through Reduced IL-6 Production

“…IL-6 levels in the serum were the most strikingly different between AdK7-L2 and Ad-L2. Furthermore, IL-6 stimulated acute phase protein (serum amyloid A, fibrinogen, ␣ 1 -anti-trypsin, and ␣ 1 -acid glycoprotein) in rat and human hepatocytes (36,37). Therefore, we next examined the effects of serum IL-6 on liver toxicity (Fig.…”

Hepatic fibrosis developing in morbid obesity independent of steatohepatitis: new mechanism or the Rube Goldberg machine?

“…In patients undergoing bariatric surgery, IL-6 concentrations were almost 50 % higher in the portal vein compared to the radial artery [16]. The majority of circulating IL-6 has been shown to be taken up by the liver [17] where it can result in hepatic insulin resistance [18] and was found to increase hepatic synthesis of acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and fibrinogen [19]. Other adipocytokines linked to visceral adipose tissue include visfatin, interleukin-8, adipsin, angiotensinogen, and resistin [20].…”