Generative design of bioinspired wings based on deployable hindwings of Anomala Corpulenta Motschulsky

Structural stabilization of honeybee wings based on heterogeneous stiffness

“…As a result of the flapping and folding activities carried out by insects’ wings, zones that bear torque and substantial deformation are more likely to have a higher modulus and hardness, such as the pterostigma of dragonfly ( Pantala flavescens Fabricius ), Asian ladybird beetle ( Harmonia axyridis ), and Coleoptera ( Anomala Corpulenta Motschulsky ). 16,45,49…”

“…As a result of the flapping and folding activities carried out by insects' wings, zones that bear torque and substantial deformation are more likely to have a higher modulus and hardness, such as the pterostigma of dragonfly (Pantala flavescens Fabricius), Asian ladybird beetle (Harmonia axyridis), and Coleoptera (Anomala Corpulenta Motschulsky). 16,45,49 To investigate the effect of variation of Young's modulus on the stress distribution of the wing membrane during the locomotion of the honeybee, here we utilized the cross-section of the forewing in the interval I to simulate the mechanical behavior of the local wing membrane during the forward flight. As shown in Fig.…”