“…This large volume is due to the fact that construction waste can be generated during any building project, including apartments, detached houses, villas, studios, and infrastructure, even during the clearance of remaining materials, demolished or defective materials, and waste from construction sites [2,3]. Another reason for such a high volume of waste is that contractors might exceed their equipment and labor capability for cleaning up waste and materials, which negatively affects project performance in terms of cost overruns [4].…”