Generalized Multicommodity Network Flow Model for the Earth–Moon–Mars Logistics System

Ishimatsu, Takuto; Weck, Olivier L. de; Hoffman, Jeffrey A.; Ohkami, Yoshiaki; Shishko, Robert

doi:10.2514/1.a33235

Cited by 68 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The conventional space logistics model is based on the GMCNF formulation [5,6]. It begins by modeling the space exploration map as a network, with nodes corresponding to the candidates for surface destinations, orbits, and staging locations.…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results are compared with an existing stochastic combinatorial formulation developed for incorporating low-thrust propulsion into space logistics design; our new approach provides superior results in terms of cost as well as utilization of the vehicle fleet. The eventdriven space logistics network optimization method developed in this paper can trade off cost, time, and technology in an automated manner to optimally design space mission campaigns.(GMCNF) model [5,6]. These space logistics methods have been extended to campaign-level mission design framework using a time-expanded network by Ho et al [7,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Background and MotivationThis work builds on the underlying mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation of the space logistics model by introducing a new concept of event-driven networks to incorporate both high-thrust and low-thrust trajectories. This section briefly reviews the conventional space logistics model, and presents an overview of the challenges faced by its existing derivatives when dealing with low-thrust trajectories.The conventional space logistics model is based on the GMCNF formulation [5,6]. It begins by modeling the space exploration map as a network, with nodes corresponding to the candidates for surface destinations, orbits, and staging locations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(GMCNF) model [5,6]. These space logistics methods have been extended to campaign-level mission design framework using a time-expanded network by Ho et al [7,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Event-Driven Network Model for Space Mission Optimization with High-Thrust and Low-Thrust Spacecraft

Jagannatha

2020

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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Numerous high-thrust and low-thrust space propulsion technologies have been developed in the recent years with the goal of expanding space exploration capabilities; however, designing and optimizing a multi-mission campaign with both high-thrust and low-thrust propulsion options are challenging due to the coupling between logistics mission design and trajectory evaluation. Specifically, this computational burden arises because the deliverable mass fraction (i.e., final-to-initial mass ratio) and time of flight for low-thrust trajectories can can vary with the payload mass; thus, these trajectory metrics cannot be evaluated separately from the campaignlevel mission design. To tackle this challenge, this paper develops a novel event-driven space logistics network optimization approach using mixed-integer linear programming for space campaign design. An example case of optimally designing a cislunar propellant supply chain to support multiple lunar surface access missions is used to demonstrate this new space logistics framework. The results are compared with an existing stochastic combinatorial formulation developed for incorporating low-thrust propulsion into space logistics design; our new approach provides superior results in terms of cost as well as utilization of the vehicle fleet. The eventdriven space logistics network optimization method developed in this paper can trade off cost, time, and technology in an automated manner to optimally design space mission campaigns.(GMCNF) model [5,6]. These space logistics methods have been extended to campaign-level mission design framework using a time-expanded network by Ho et al [7,8]. These frameworks approach the problem of campaign design through a logistics-driven perspective. Other works such as the EXAMINE framework [9] and the graph-theory-based space system architectures model developed by Arney et al. [10] can compare and/or optimize user-input system architecture scenarios.A critical limitation of the conventional space logistics design methods referenced above is that they are unable to account for the use of low-thrust vehicles for transportation. More specifically, the conventional methods assumed a decoupling between logistics mission design and trajectory evaluation, where the mission design model takes pre-computed trajectory metrics such as the final-to-initial mass ratio (or ∆v) and time of flight for each arc as inputs and then optimize the mission architecture including the logistics flows of propellant, payload, and other commodities. This approach is effective for a campaign with a fleet of high-thrust spacecraft, and responded well to the background that many past space exploration campaigns considered only high-thrust spacecraft options (e.g., chemical propulsion). However, given the significant advancements made in low-thrust propulsion technology (e.g., SEP) in recent years, there is a growing interest in the question of how low-thrust spacecraft can be optimally integrated into a space exploration campaign. Thus, we need a mathematical fram...

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Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(GMCNF) model [5,6]. These space logistics methods have been extended to campaign-level mission design framework using a time-expanded network by Ho et al [7,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Event-Driven Network Model for Space Mission Optimization with High-Thrust and Low-Thrust Spacecraft

Jagannatha

2020

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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“…• If an organization successfully establishes a permanent settlement on Mars, it will become a customer for anything made in space 10 [172]. Because of the Martian gravity, Mars will not become an exporter of manufactured goods for a long time and therefore will not directly contribute to in-space industry, but it will be a consumer of that industry, providing cash flow for the space development companies so they can make additional progress.…”

Section: Practical Demonstration Requiredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space development and space science together, an historic opportunity

Metzger

2016

Space Policy

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The national space programs have an historic opportunity to help solve the global-scale economic and environmental problems of Earth while becoming more effective at science through the use of space resources. Space programs will be more cost-effective when they work to establish a supply chain in space, mining and manufacturing then replicating the assets of the supply chain so it grows to larger capacity. This has become achievable because of advances in robotics and artificial intelligence. It is roughly estimated that developing a lunar outpost that relies upon and also develops the supply chain will cost about 1/3 or less of the existing annual budgets of the national space programs. It will require a sustained commitment of several decades to complete, during which time science and exploration become increasingly effective. At the end, this space industry will capable of addressing global-scale challenges including limited resources, clean energy, economic development, and preservation of the environment. Other potential solutions, including nuclear fusion and terrestrial renewable energy sources, do not address the root problem of our limited globe and there are real questions whether they will be inadequate or too late. While industry in space likewise cannot provide perfect assurance, it is uniquely able to solve the root problem, and it gives us an important chance that we should grasp. What makes this such an historic opportunity is that the space-based solution is obtainable as a side-benefit of doing space science and exploration within their existing budgets. Thinking pragmatically, it may take some time for policymakers to agree that setting up a complete supply chain is an achievable goal, so this paper describes a strategy of incremental progress. The most crucial part of this strategy is establishing a water economy by mining on the Moon and asteroids to manufacture rocket propellant. Technologies that support a water economy will play an important role leading toward space development.Please cite this article in press as: P.T. Metzger, Space development and space science together, an historic opportunity, Space Policy (2016), http://dx.

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Efficient Martian Settlement with the Mars Terraformer Transfer (MATT) and the Omaha Trail

Stewart¹

2021

Terraforming Mars

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Generalized Multicommodity Network Flow Model for the Earth–Moon–Mars Logistics System

Cited by 68 publications

References 12 publications

Event-Driven Network Model for Space Mission Optimization with High-Thrust and Low-Thrust Spacecraft

Event-Driven Network Model for Space Mission Optimization with High-Thrust and Low-Thrust Spacecraft

Space development and space science together, an historic opportunity

Efficient Martian Settlement with the Mars Terraformer Transfer (MATT) and the Omaha Trail

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