2018
DOI: 10.1177/0049124117747304
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Generalization of Classic Question Order Effects Across Cultures

Abstract: Questionnaire design is routinely guided by classic experiments on question form, wording, and context conducted decades ago. This article explores whether two question order effects (one due to the norm of evenhandedness and the other due to subtraction or perceptual contrast) appear in surveys of probability samples in the United States and 11 other countries (Canada, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom; N = 25,640). Advancing theory of … Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(35 citation statements)
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“…Although such methodological concerns should not dictate which populations are sampled, they do suggest that one needs to reflect a priori on whether a particular sample consists of respondents with low expertise on the topics examined. Still, as indicated by our results and recent cross‐national evidence (Stark et al 2018), even well‐educated experts who are asked about something they encounter in their routine work can be subject to question order bias. Again, we therefore suggest that question order is randomized to provide an estimate of bias in the sample at hand.…”
Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting
confidence: 60%
See 3 more Smart Citations
“…Although such methodological concerns should not dictate which populations are sampled, they do suggest that one needs to reflect a priori on whether a particular sample consists of respondents with low expertise on the topics examined. Still, as indicated by our results and recent cross‐national evidence (Stark et al 2018), even well‐educated experts who are asked about something they encounter in their routine work can be subject to question order bias. Again, we therefore suggest that question order is randomized to provide an estimate of bias in the sample at hand.…”
Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting
confidence: 60%
“…Even in a high‐expertise sample, we find an effect that is similar in size to previous estimates. This suggests that question order bias in satisfaction measures is more universal than is sometimes assumed (see also Stark et al 2018). Our experimental results gained additional and unanticipated leverage.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 92%
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“…In the aftermath, the applicability of the underlying conversational norms (Grice, 1975) to collectivist cultures has been questioned (Schwarz et al, 2010). In a comparative study involving 11 countries, Stark et al (2018) find that both differences in survey response styles and topic-specific differences contribute to explaining differing question order effects across countries. Topic-specific differences between countries may impact question order effects for attitude and behavior questions if, for instance, a certain behavior is more common or considered to be more acceptable in one country.…”
Section: Cross-cultural Question Order Effects In Web Probingmentioning
confidence: 99%