Generalist grasshoppers from thermally variable sites do not have higher thermal tolerance than grasshoppers from thermally stable sites - A study of five populations

Preston, Devin B.; Johnson, Steven G.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102527

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Male CT Max was higher in KS males than in IL males. Preston and Johnson (2020) found that the KS site had more variable temperatures and more days per month with extreme heat events than the IL site, supporting our hypothesis of a positive correlation between thermal tolerance and heterogeneity.…”

Section: Upper Thermal Limits (Ct Max )supporting

confidence: 85%

“…Furthermore, warm-acclimated males had higher values of PC2 than cold-acclimated males, i.e., lighter males and males reared in a cold environment generally experienced thermal distress at lower temperatures. These ndings were expected as 1) body size in larger orthopterans is inversely related to rate of temperature change (Whitman 1987), 2) a previous study (Preston & Johnson 2020) indicated that heavier M. differentialis males have a higher CT Max , and 3) acclimation to a warm temperature should confer higher temperature tolerance (e. g. Gibbs & Mousseau 1994).…”

Section: Heat Stress Symptom Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

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Effects Of Acclimation, Population, And Sex On Behavioral Thermoregulation, CTMax, Symptoms Of Heat Stress, And Gene Expression of Melanoplus Differentialis, A Generalist Grasshopper - Does Temporal Thermal Heterogeneity Prepare Populations For A Warming World?

Preston

Johnson

2021

Preprint

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Insects thermoregulate using both canalized and plastic mechanisms. Populations of insects utilize these mechanisms to different extents, and while it is posited that the degree of thermal fluctuation a population experiences can determine the optimal combination of mechanisms to utilize, this is still being elucidated. We used three populations of the generalist grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (Thomas, 1856), from sites experiencing different degrees of thermal heterogeneity to test for correlations between thermal heterogeneity and 1) behavioral thermoregulation, 2) upper temperature tolerance, 3) the ability to thermally acclimate, and 4) gene expression. We found that 1) behavioral thermoregulation did not differ among sites, 2) CTMax of males, but not females, was higher at more thermally heterogeneous sites, 3) there was acclimation in some of the tested traits, but thermally heterogeneous sites did not always have the most plastic individuals, and 4) there were differences in gene expression among sites, but these differences were not between the most and least thermally heterogeneous sites. We concluded that thermal heterogeneity may play a selective role in some, but not all, of the measured thermoregulatory traits and their plasticity.

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Section: Upper Thermal Limits (Ct Max )supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Heat Stress Symptom Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

Effects Of Acclimation, Population, And Sex On Behavioral Thermoregulation, CTMax, Symptoms Of Heat Stress, And Gene Expression of Melanoplus Differentialis, A Generalist Grasshopper - Does Temporal Thermal Heterogeneity Prepare Populations For A Warming World?

Preston

Johnson

2021

Preprint

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“…Marchi et al 2019;Poggio et al 2018), or even just a high tolerance regarding abiotic conditions (e.g. Preston and Johnson 2020). The last reason is supported by data from Asia with similar D 2 range.…”

Section: Climate Models Reveal Suitable Conditions In Extinct Locationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Analysis of geographic centrality and genetic diversity in the declining grasshopper species Bryodemella tuberculata (Orthoptera: Oedipodinae)

et al. 2021

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Human-induced ecological and climatic changes have led to the decline and even local extinction of many formerly widely distributed temperate and cold-adapted species. Determining the exact causes of this decline remains difficult. Bryodemella tuberculata was a widely distributed orthopteran species before the mid-19th century. Since then, many European populations have suffered drastic declines and are now considered extinct or critically endangered. We used ecological niche modelling based on a large dataset of extant and extinct occurrence data to investigate whether poor climatic suitability in the periphery of its global range was a possible cause of the local extinction of the European populations of B. tuberculata. We also used population genetics based on the COI marker to estimate and compare the genetic diversity of extant populations. We found that Europe still provides highly suitable habitats close to the climatic optimum, contradicting the assumption of climate change as major driver of this decline. Instead, changes in land-cover and other anthropogenic modifications of the habitats at the local scale seem to be the major reasons for local extinctions. Genetic analysis suggests Central Asia as center of diversity with a stable population size, whereas the effective sizes of the remaining European populations are decreasing. We found European genetic lineages nested within Central Asian lineages, suggesting a Central Asian source distribution area. Our results suggest that the declining European populations represent relics of a formerly wider distribution, which was fragmented by changes in land-use. These relics are now threatened by limited connectivity and small effective population sizes. Specific conservation actions, such as the restoration of former or potential new habitats, and translocation of individuals from extant populations to these restored sites may help slow, stall, or even revert the extinction process.

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“…We measured CT Max with a thermal ramping experiment, following the protocol described in Preston and Johnson (2020). An important limitation to the CT Max trials was that there was only one IL female raised in the cold environment that survived to be tested.…”

Section: Upper Thermal Limits (Ct Max )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous experiment, we quanti ed thermal heterogeneity at ve sites across the Midwest of the United States over a 101-year period during our experimental species' active season (Preston and Johnson 2020). The animals we used in this experiment were from three of those ve sites; Minneapolis, Kansas (KS), Marshall, Missouri (MO), and Mount Vernon, Illinois (IL; Suppl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acclimation, Population, and Sex on Behavioral Thermoregulation, CTMax, Symptoms of Heat Stress, and Gene Expression of Melanoplus differentialis, a Generalist Grasshopper—Does Temporal Thermal Heterogeneity Prepare Populations for a Warming World?

Preston

Johnson

2022

J Insect Behav

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Insects thermoregulate using both canalized and plastic mechanisms. Populations of insects utilize these mechanisms to different extents, and while it is posited that the degree of thermal uctuation a population experiences can determine the optimal combination of mechanisms to utilize, this is still being elucidated. We used three populations of the generalist grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (Thomas, 1856), from sites experiencing different degrees of thermal heterogeneity to test for correlations between thermal heterogeneity and 1) behavioral thermoregulation, 2) upper temperature tolerance, 3) the ability to thermally acclimate, and 4) gene expression. We found that 1) behavioral thermoregulation did not differ among sites, 2) CT Max of males, but not females, was higher at more thermally heterogeneous sites, 3) there was acclimation in some of the tested traits, but thermally heterogeneous sites did not always have the most plastic individuals, and 4) there were differences in gene expression among sites, but these differences were not between the most and least thermally heterogeneous sites. We concluded that thermal heterogeneity may play a selective role in some, but not all, of the measured thermoregulatory traits and their plasticity.

show abstract

Generalist grasshoppers from thermally variable sites do not have higher thermal tolerance than grasshoppers from thermally stable sites - A study of five populations

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Effects Of Acclimation, Population, And Sex On Behavioral Thermoregulation, CTMax, Symptoms Of Heat Stress, And Gene Expression of Melanoplus Differentialis, A Generalist Grasshopper - Does Temporal Thermal Heterogeneity Prepare Populations For A Warming World?

Effects Of Acclimation, Population, And Sex On Behavioral Thermoregulation, CTMax, Symptoms Of Heat Stress, And Gene Expression of Melanoplus Differentialis, A Generalist Grasshopper - Does Temporal Thermal Heterogeneity Prepare Populations For A Warming World?

Analysis of geographic centrality and genetic diversity in the declining grasshopper species Bryodemella tuberculata (Orthoptera: Oedipodinae)

Effects of Acclimation, Population, and Sex on Behavioral Thermoregulation, CTMax, Symptoms of Heat Stress, and Gene Expression of Melanoplus differentialis, a Generalist Grasshopper—Does Temporal Thermal Heterogeneity Prepare Populations for a Warming World?

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