General principles of developing novel radioprotective agents for nuclear emergency

Du, Jicong; Zhang, Pei; Cheng, Ying; Liu, Ruling; Liu, Hu; Gao, Fu; Chen, Shi; Liu, Cong

doi:10.1016/j.radmp.2020.08.003

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Based on the aforementioned mechanism, radiationprotective agents, such as the thiolated compound amifostine and superoxide dismutase (SOD), are commonly employed to inhibit X-ray-induced oxidative stress reactions in clinical practice. 15 However, there are limitations associated with these agents. Amifostine can only be administered intravenously and cannot directly target the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergothioneine–Sodium Hyaluronate Dressing: A Promising Approach for Protecting against Radiation-Induced Skin Injury

Tian,

Guo,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Radiotherapy commonly causes damage to healthy tissues, particularly radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) that affects a significant majority of patients undergoing radiotherapy. Effective treatments for RISI are lacking. This study focuses on the pathogenesis of RISI, which primarily involves oxidative stress. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation during radiation induces damage to biological macromolecules, triggering oxidative stress and inflammation. To address this, ergothioneine (EGT), a natural and biocompatibile thiol compound with excellent antioxidant activity, is explored as a potential radiationprotective agent. By utilizing its specific transport and absorption in the skin tissue, as well as its efficient and stable clearance of radiation-induced "ROS storm", EGT is combined with sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) to develop a novel radiation protective dressing suitable for the skin. This EGT−NaHA dressing demonstrates an effective ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo, reducing cellular apoptosis and inflammation. These results demonstrate the protective properties of EGT against RISI, with far-reaching implications for research and development in the field of radioprotection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergothioneine–Sodium Hyaluronate Dressing: A Promising Approach for Protecting against Radiation-Induced Skin Injury

Tian,

Guo,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The search for novel antioxidant and radioprotective substances for medical purposes is a task of high importance, despite the progress that has already been made. Radioprotectors are highly desired agents for radiation therapy [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Antioxidants may find their use in future therapies for aging and aging-related conditions, such as inflammaging, one of the crucial hallmarks of aging [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Planarian Model Confirms the Antioxidant Properties of Tameron against X-ray- and Menadione-Induced Oxidative Stress

et al. 2023

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Ionizing radiation and radiation-related oxidative stress are two important factors responsible for the death of actively proliferating cells, thus drastically reducing the regeneration capacity of living organisms. Planarian flatworms are freshwater invertebrates that are rich in stem cells called neoblasts and, therefore, present a well-established model for studies on regeneration and the testing of novel antioxidant and radioprotective substances. In this work, we tested an antiviral and antioxidant drug Tameron (Monosodium α-Luminol or 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione sodium salt) for its ability to reduce the harm of X-ray- and chemically induced oxidative stress on a planarian model. Our study has revealed the ability of Tameron to effectively protect planarians from oxidative stress while enhancing their regenerative capacity by modulating the expression of neoblast marker genes and NRF-2-controlled oxidative stress response genes.

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“…In order to reach this goal, radioprotectors are used—compounds that shield the organism from damage to its molecules, cells, organs, and tissues mainly by inactivating ROS and other damaging agents [ 5 ]. Despite significant progress in the development of radioprotective substances for military use, there is still a need for new selective radioprotectors and radiomitigators for medical applications, in particular for radiation therapy [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. By using new functional nanomaterials and various approaches, including molecular systems, it is possible to enhance the damaging effect of ionizing radiation on tumor cells by changing their radiosensitivity [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogen-like Cerium-Based Nanoparticles Protect Schmidtea mediterranea against Severe Doses of X-rays

Filippova

Ермаков²,

Попов³

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Novel radioprotectors are strongly demanded due to their numerous applications in radiobiology and biomedicine, e.g., for facilitating the remedy after cancer radiotherapy. Currently, cerium-containing nanomaterials are regarded as promising inorganic radioprotectors due to their unrivaled antioxidant activity based on their ability to mimic the action of natural redox enzymes like catalase and superoxide dismutase and to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are by far the main damaging factors of ionizing radiation. The freshwater planarian flatworms are considered a promising system for testing new radioprotectors, due to the high regenerative potential of these species and an excessive amount of proliferating stem cells (neoblasts) in their bodies. Using planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, we tested CeO2 nanoparticles, well known for their antioxidant activity, along with much less studied CeF3 nanoparticles, for their radioprotective potential. In addition, both CeO2 and CeF3 nanoparticles improve planarian head blastema regeneration after ionizing irradiation by enhancing blastema growth, increasing the number of mitoses and neoblasts’ survival, and modulating the expression of genes responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of neoblasts. The CeO2 nanoparticles’ action stems directly from their redox activity as ROS scavengers, while the CeF3 nanoparticles’ action is mediated by overexpression of “wound-induced genes” and neoblast- and stem cell-regulating genes.

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General principles of developing novel radioprotective agents for nuclear emergency

Cited by 6 publications

References 86 publications

Ergothioneine–Sodium Hyaluronate Dressing: A Promising Approach for Protecting against Radiation-Induced Skin Injury

Ergothioneine–Sodium Hyaluronate Dressing: A Promising Approach for Protecting against Radiation-Induced Skin Injury

A Study on the Planarian Model Confirms the Antioxidant Properties of Tameron against X-ray- and Menadione-Induced Oxidative Stress

Mitogen-like Cerium-Based Nanoparticles Protect Schmidtea mediterranea against Severe Doses of X-rays

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