General and abdominal adiposity and the risk of Parkinson's disease: A prospective cohort study

Riso, Lukas; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kühn, Tilman; Sookthai, Disorn; Forsgren, Lars; Trupp, Miles; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Vecchia, Carlo La; Karakatsani, Anna; Gavrila, Diana; Ferrari, Pietro; Freisling, Heinz; Petersson, Jesper; Lewan, Susanne; Vermeulen, Roel; Panico, Salvatore; Masala, Giovanna; Ardanáz, Eva; Perneczky, Robert; Middleton, Lefkos T.; Mokoroa, Olatz; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Sieri, Sabina; Hayat, Shabina; Brayne, Carol; Riboli, Elio; Víneis, Paolo; Gallo, Valentina; Katzke, Verena

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.01.019

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The amount of smoking played a subtle role in the development (135). Another study that examined body mass index and waist circumference of PD patients found a possible interaction between anthropometry, sex, and smoking and PD risk (136). Similarly, new prodromal markers are expected to be found when large-scale statistical analyses of patient lifestyle factors are completed.…”

Section: Other Prodromal Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prodromal Markers of Parkinson's Disease in Patients With Essential Tremor

Wang

Feng²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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Background: Essential tremor (ET) is manifested as an isolated syndrome of bilateral upper limb action tremor. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with typical motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. ET-PD describes the new-onset of PD in ET patients. Recently, numerous studies on epidemiology, genetics, pathology, clinical features, and neuroimaging studies are challenging the idea that ET is an isolated disease, suggesting that patients with ET have the tendency to develop PD. Methods: In this review article, we collected recent findings that reveal prodromal markers of PD in patients with ET. Results: Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity serves as a prodromal marker for predicting the development of PD in patients with ET and provides a reference for therapeutic strategies. Additional potential markers include other neuroimaging, clinical features, heart rate, and genetics, whereas others lack sufficient evidence. Conclusion: In consideration of the limited research of PD in patients with ET, we are still far from revealing the prodromal markers. However, from the existing follow-up studies on ET patients, Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity may enable further exploration of the relationship between ET and PD and the search for pathogenesis-based therapies.

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Section: Other Prodromal Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prodromal Markers of Parkinson's Disease in Patients With Essential Tremor

Wang

Feng²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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“…According to the study by Pak et al, weight loss is linked to rapid striatal dopaminergic degeneration in PD (Pak et al, 2018). Additionally, it is reported that worse disease severity is associated with lower BMI (Riso et al, 2019; Umehara et al, 2017; van der Marck et al, 2012) and high BMI can slow disease progression (Umehara et al, 2017); on the other hand, rare studies reject the idea indicating the association of BMI (Guimarães et al, 2012) and weight loss (Bernhardt et al, 2016) with disease severity.…”

Section: Weight Gain/loss and Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the observed weight and BMI changes in PD patients, researchers have presented the effects of different patterns of BMI and body weight conditions on the risk for developing PD. Some studies reported that both low and high BMI can pose a risk for PD (Sharma & Lewis, 2017); however, a cohort study on 734 cases, chosen incidentally from 13 of the 23 centres of the of PD, who were identified between 1992 and 2012, with a mean follow‐up of 12 years, has reported no association between BMI and PD risk (Riso et al, 2019). Researchers explain weight gain as a risk factor of PD according to its impact on metabolism including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, insulin resistance and inflammation, which could contribute to PD pathogenesis (Kim et al, 2020).…”

Section: Weight Gain/loss and Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The interactions between adipose tissue secretions and Parkinson's disease: The role of leptin

Ekraminasab

Dolatshahi

Sabahi

et al. 2022

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Leptin is a hormone that regulates appetite by acting on receptors in the hypothalamus, where it modifies food intake to maintain equilibrium with the body energy resources. Leptin and its receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system, suggesting that they may give neuronal survival signals. The potential of leptin to decrease/increase neuronal damage and neuronal plasticity in Parkinson's diseases (PD) is the subject of this review, which outlines our current knowledge of how leptin acts in the brain. Although leptin‐mediated neuroprotective signalling results in neuronal death prevention, it can affect neuroinflammatory cascades and also neuronal plasticity which contribute to PD pathology. Other neuroprotective molecules, such as insulin and erythropoietin, share leptin‐related signalling cascades, and therefore constitute a component of the neurotrophic effects mediated by endogenous hormones. With the evidence that leptin dysregulation causes increased neuronal vulnerability to damage in PD, using leptin as a target for therapeutic modification is an appealing and realistic option.

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“…In light of abdominal obesity, Chen et al prospectively examined two large cohorts of men and women in the United States (US), and concluded that a greater waist circumference (WC) was associated with future development of PD among never smokers 20 . Although another US-based cohort study showed null association between WC and PD risk, a European multi-center cohort study in 2019 revealed that female smokers had a 64% increase in the risk of PD development per 10 cm increase in WC 16 , 19 . Investigations on the association between central adiposity and PD risk have provided a closer look on the mechanism of PD through the perspective of the effect of adiposity-related inflammation on neurodegeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The deleterious effect of general obesity (measured by body mass index [BMI]) on PD risk has been demonstrated in several epidemiologic studies; 9 – 11 however, other studies reported opposite results or even null associations 12 – 18 . Moreover, studies using anthropometric parameters other than BMI are relatively limited 16 , 19 , 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waist circumference and risk of Parkinson’s disease

Park

Nam

Han

et al. 2022

npj Parkinsons Dis.

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Although many studies support the association of obesity with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), there are limited data regarding the association between abdominal obesity and PD, with mixed findings. The aim of this study was to examine the association of waist circumference (WC) with the risk of PD incidence. We retrospectively analyzed a large-scale nationwide cohort of 6,925,646 individuals aged ≥40 years who underwent the Korean National Health Screening during 2009. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the association of WC and abdominal obesity with PD risk and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD incidence. During a median follow-up period of 8.35 years, 33,300 cases of PD developed. PD incidence was positively associated with increases in WC (P for trend < 0.001). The risk of PD incidence tended to elevate as WC increased (P for trend < 0.001), indicating that the adjusted HRs of PD incidence in the highest WC group versus the reference group was 1.16 (95% CI, 1.10–1.23), whereas it was 0.91 (95% CI 0.84–0.98) in the lowest WC group. Individuals with abdominal obesity were significantly associated with an increased PD risk (HR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07–1.13). These associations persisted even after adjustment for body mass index and stratification by sex. Even among non-obese individuals, abdominal obesity was associated with a higher PD risk (adjusted HR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09–1.18). Taken together, higher WC and abdominal obesity were associated with increased PD risk. Even in non-obese individuals, abdominal obesity was associated with an increased PD risk.

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General and abdominal adiposity and the risk of Parkinson's disease: A prospective cohort study

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Prodromal Markers of Parkinson's Disease in Patients With Essential Tremor

Prodromal Markers of Parkinson's Disease in Patients With Essential Tremor

The interactions between adipose tissue secretions and Parkinson's disease: The role of leptin

Waist circumference and risk of Parkinson’s disease

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