“…This means that two individuals carrying the same genotype at the S-locus will not be compatible. Pollen is dispersed by bees, and seeds by gravity and birds, resulting in low dispersal distances (Granger, 2004;Schueler, 2005;Stoeckel, 2006) and consequently in significant spatial genetic structure (Vaughan et al, 2007b;. Vegetative propagation through rootsuckering commonly occurs and, as a consequence, clusters of clonal individuals can be identified within the stands (Ducci and Santi, 1997;Schueler, 2005;Schueler et al, 2006;Vaughan et al, 2007a;.…”