“…Unlike HSCs and ISCs, the frequency of satellite cells decreases with age (Brack et al, 2005;Collins et al, 2007;Gibson and Schultz, 1983). The in vitro proliferation rate and the in vivo engraftment and regeneration potential of satellite cells upon transplantation also decline with age (Bernet et al, 2014;Bortoli et al, 2003;Collins et al, 2007;Cosgrove et al, 2014;Sousa-Victor et al, 2014). Furthermore, like HSCs, aged satellite cells exhibit a skewed differentiation potential, whereby they differentiate towards a fibrogenic lineage rather than a myogenic lineage, largely because of changes in Wnt and TGF-β signaling (Brack et al, 2007;Carlson et al, 2009).…”