Gene expression of fatty acid-binding proteins, fatty acid transport proteins (cd36 and FATP) and β-oxidation-related genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) fed fish oil or vegetable oil

Abstract

Relative gene expression pattern of fatty acid transport proteins (FATP and cd36), intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP3, FABP10 and FABP11), b-oxidationrelated genes [carnitine palmitoyl transferase II (CPTII), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor b (PPARb), acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX), long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (FACS), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (dehydrogenase)] and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was assessed by RT-qPCR in Atlantic salmon muscle (red and white), liver, heart, myosepta and visceral fat. FABP11, a FABP isoform not previously described in Atlantic salmon, was highly expressed in visceral fat and myosepta and at the lower level in red muscle, white muscle, myosepta and heart. Furthermore, Atlantic salmon were fed either a diet containing fish oil (FO) or a complete replacement of FO with a vegetable oil blend (55% rapeseed oil, 30% palm oil and 15% linseed oil; VO) for the production cycle (27 months from start of feeding and until 4.5 kg mean weight). The expression of genes related to b-oxidation, fatty acid uptake and transport in the white muscle indicate (n = 3) significant down-regulation in VO fed Atlantic salmon and correlated with previously reported white muscle triacylglycerol stores and b-oxidation. FABP11 in visceral fat and myosepta was also down-regulated in VO fed fish. KEY WORDS

In vivo and in vitro insulin and fasting control of the transmembrane fatty acid transport proteins in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

“…Recently, the presence of two FA transmembrane transporters has been described in fish tissues (28,53), although their endocrine and nutritional regulation is almost unknown (54). For the first time in ectotherms, insulin and fasting effects on FA transporter expression and FA uptake regulation by insulin in different tissues and in muscle cells are reported in the present study.…”

“…In fish, FATP1 and CD36 presence has been assessed only in Atlantic salmon (23,28,53), and very recently, a facilitated kinetics of FA transport has been described in salmon hepatocytes (60). The expression of these FA transporters appears to be regulated by dietary replacement with vegetable oils (54).…”

Impacts of cyclic hypoxia on reproductive and gene expression patterns in the grass shrimp: field versus laboratory comparison

“…We suggest the difference in metabolism and gene regulation may be linked to differences in food sources in the two bay systems. Recently, differences in gene expression as a result of different diets have been reported for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; Thorstensen et al 2009), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; Kirchner et al 2007) and the lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana; Christeller et al 2010), showing that food source can significantly impact gene expression in aquatic and terrestrial species. Clearly, additional research is necessary to confirm a similar situation in grass shrimp.…”

LCFA Uptake and FAT/CD36: molecular cloning, tissue expression and mRNA expression responses to dietary oil sources in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

“…The fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36), now officially being designated as the scavenger receptor B2 (SR-B2) (Prabhudas et al 2014), is one of the most important FA transporters associated with LCFA trans-membrane uptake as it has been reported in humans ) and different teleost fish species (Torstensen et al 2009;Zhou et al 2010;Fink et al 2015). The molecular and functional characterization of this protein has been described in zebra fish (Danio rerio), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (Fink et al 2015) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) (Tian et al 2017).…”