Gene Duplications and Evolution of Vertebrate Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels

Novak, Alicia E.; Jost, Manda C.; Lu, Ying; Taylor, Alison D.; Zakon, Harold H.; Ribera, Angeles B.

doi:10.1007/s00239-005-0287-9

Cited by 71 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Even though the primary sequences of zebrafish scn5Laa and scn5Lab show highest identity to mammalian SCN5A, the zebrafish genes are phylogenetically equally related to SCN5A, SCN10A, and SCN11A (Novak et al, 2006). In mammals, SCN5A is primarily expressed in cardiac tissue (Rogart et al, 1989;Gellens et al, 1992).…”

Section: Scn5laa and Scn5lab Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCNA genes typically share high sequence identity across their transmembrane repeat regions. Furthermore, in zebrafish, members of a duplicated scna gene pair display even higher nucleotide and amino acid identity (Novak et al, 2006). For example, the coding regions of scn8aa and scn8ab are 88% identical at the predicted amino acid level.…”

Section: Design Of Scna Isotypespecific In Situ Hybridization Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By focusing on these regions, we were able to design in situ hybridization probes that recognized regions that differed as much as 80% between scna genes (Table 1). Importantly, the probe sequences that had the most divergent sequences were for the duplicated genes that are overall most similar to each other, scn8aa and scn8ab (88% identity; Table 1; Novak et al, 2006).…”

Section: Design Of Scna Isotypespecific In Situ Hybridization Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zebrafish scn4aa and scn4ab genes are most similar to the mammalian SCN4A gene (Novak et al, 2006). In mammals, SCN4A is expressed almost exclusively in skeletal muscle (Trimmer et al, 1989).…”

Section: Scn4aa and Scn4ab Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though sodium current is reduced in these neurons, the mao gene does not show linkage to any zebrafish scna gene (Novak et al, 2006;Geisler and Neuhauss, personal communication). Of interest, in mao mutants, both RB and retinal ganglion cells differentiate abnormally, suggesting developmental roles for sodium channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Embryonic and larval expression of zebrafish voltage‐gated sodium channel α‐subunit genes

Novak¹,

Taylor²,

Pineda³

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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Whereas it is known that voltage-gated calcium channels play important roles during development, potential embryonic roles of voltage-gated sodium channels have received much less attention. Voltagegated sodium channels consist of pore-forming ␣-subunits (Na v 1) and auxiliary ␤-subunits. Here, we report the embryonic and larval expression patterns for all eight members of the gene family (scna) coding for zebrafish Na v 1 proteins. We find that each scna gene displays a distinct expression pattern that is temporally and spatially dynamic during embryonic and larval stages. Overall, our findings indicate that scna gene expression occurs sufficiently early during embryogenesis to play developmental roles for both muscle and nervous tissues.

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Section: Scn5laa and Scn5lab Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Of Scna Isotypespecific In Situ Hybridization Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Of Scna Isotypespecific In Situ Hybridization Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scn4aa and Scn4ab Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Embryonic and larval expression of zebrafish voltage‐gated sodium channel α‐subunit genes

Novak¹,

Taylor²,

Pineda³

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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Evolution of Voltage‐Gated Sodium Channels

Widmark

Larhammar

2013

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Voltage‐gated sodium channels play important roles in the nervous system by enabling propagation of action potentials along axons. It has been suggested that sodium channels evolved from calcium channels before the split of animals and choanoflagellates, as deduced from studies of sequence motifs important in the ion selectivity of sodium and calcium channels. The sodium channel α gene was subsequently duplicated in the two whole‐genome duplication events (2R) in early vertebrate evolution, resulting in four genes. Several local duplication events in tetrapods later resulted in the total set of ten sodium channel α genes present in today's humans. In teleosts, another whole‐genome duplication event (3R) doubled the ancestral vertebrate set from four to eight. The high number of sodium channel gene duplicates in both tetrapods and teleosts probably reflects their great importance in the evolution of the vertebrate nervous system. Key Concepts: Sodium channels evolved from calcium channels and were present in the common ancestor of animals and choanoflagellates. One α subunit voltage‐gated sodium channel gene ( SCNA ) quadrupled in two whole‐genome duplication events early in vertebrate evolution. The ancestral vertebrate set duplicated again in the teleost‐specific whole‐genome duplication to generate eight genes. One of the genes was duplicated to three adjacent genes ( SCN5A , 10A and 11A ) in the amniote lineage after the divergence of amphibians. One of the other tetrapod genes duplicated to four adjacent genes ( SCN3A , 2A , 1A and 9A ) before the radiation of amniotes, 310 Mya. After the split of metatheria and eutheria (150 Mya), an additional gene, SCN7A , arose through yet another local duplication in the same region.

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Sex differences in and hormonal regulation of Kv1 potassium channel gene expression in the electric organ: Molecular control of a social signal

Few

Zakon

2007

Developmental Neurobiology

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Electric fish communicate with electric organ (EO) discharges (EODs) that are sexually dimorphic, hormone-sensitive, and often individually distinct. The cells of the EO (electrocytes) of the weakly electric fish Sternopygus possess delayed rectifying K+ currents that systematically vary in their activation and deactivation kinetics, and this precise variation in K+ current kinetics helps shape sex and individual differences in the EOD. Because members of the Kv1 subfamily produce delayed rectifier currents, we cloned a number of genes in the Kv1 subfamily from the EO of Sternopygus. Using our sequences and those from genome databases, we found that in teleost fish Kv1.1 and Kv1.2 exist as duplicate pairs (Kv1.1a&b, Kv1.2a&b) whereas Kv1.3 does not. Using real-time quantitative RT-PCR, we found that Kv1.1a and Kv1.2a, but not Kv1.2b, expression in the EO is higher in high EOD frequency females (which have fast EO K+ currents) than in low EOD frequency males (which have slow EO K+ currents). Systemic treatment with dihydrotestosterone decreased Kv1.1a and Kv1.2a, but not Kv1.2b, expression in the EO, whereas treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) increased Kv1.2a but not Kv1.1a or Kv1.2b expression in the EO. Thus, systematic variation in the ratios of Kv1 channels expressed in the EO is correlated with individual differences in and sexual dimorphism of a communication signal.

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Gene Duplications and Evolution of Vertebrate Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels

Cited by 71 publications

References 55 publications

Embryonic and larval expression of zebrafish voltage‐gated sodium channel α‐subunit genes

Embryonic and larval expression of zebrafish voltage‐gated sodium channel α‐subunit genes

Evolution of Voltage‐Gated Sodium Channels

Sex differences in and hormonal regulation of Kv1 potassium channel gene expression in the electric organ: Molecular control of a social signal

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