Gender wage gap and the role of skills and tasks: evidence from the Austrian PIAAC data set

Christl, Michael; Köppl‐Turyna, Monika

doi:10.1080/00036846.2019.1630707

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, negative predictors such as "age" (being older) or gender ("female"), can be mediated through the development of skills at home and at work, educational level and participation in AET. These findings were also discussed in previous similar studies (Scandurra & Calero 2017;Christl & Köppl-Turyna 2017). These findings further underline the importance of education, either theoretical/academic (educational level, AET), or practical (AET, skills in use).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This is due to biological reasons, such as aging and cognitive decline, and because of older adults' restricted access to education when they were young (Scandurra & Calero 2017). In relation to Gender, although in the PIAAC survey, men obtained higher scores in the three direct skills measurements (literacy, numeracy and PS-TRE, OECD, 2016), evidences have indicated that, after controlling for age and other social characteristics, the gender gap has a weakened influence on skills attainment (Scandurra & Calero 2017;Christl & Köppl-Turyna 2017). However, given the traditionally unequal access to education by adult women, especially in the workplace, the gender variable is commonly used to test its influence on educational level, and the level of foundational skills, such as literacy, numeracy or PS-TRE, being critical for training and workplace success (Christl & Köppl-Turyna 2017).…”

Section: Variables That Are Related To the Acquisition Of Ps-tre: Hypothetical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Twenty-First Century Skills for All: Adults and Problem Solving in Technology Rich Environments

Berrozpe

Boeren

2019

Tech Know Learn

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The current Information Society requires new skills for personal, labor and social inclusion. Among the so-called 21st Century Skills (Care, Griffin & Wilson 2018) is Problem Solving in Technology Rich Environments (PS-TRE), a skill evaluated in PISA and PIAAC tests (OECD 2016). This skill, although currently receiving considerable attention in compulsory education, has not received the same level of thought in adult education. In this article, the presence of the PS-TRE skill among adults of working age (25-65 years) in Europe is analysed in relation to the factors that potentially affect a higher level of PS-TRE proficiency. This analysis is carried out using structural equations modelling, taking into account socio-personal and educational factors, as well as the use of different skills at work and in daily life. The results indicate that educational attainment and the use of different skills (reading, numerical skills, ICTrelated skills) at home and at work, as well as participation in non-formal education activities, decisively relate to a higher level of PS-TRE. This result is positively mediated through risk factors such as being older or being a woman. This study concludes that it is necessary to reinforce these skills, not only in children, but also in the adult population, in order to avoid social and labour exclusion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Variables That Are Related To the Acquisition Of Ps-tre: Hypothetical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty-First Century Skills for All: Adults and Problem Solving in Technology Rich Environments

Berrozpe

Boeren

2019

Tech Know Learn

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“…Дослідження австрійських вчених Крістл і Кеппль-Турина показало, що відмінності у навиках, завданнях і наявності необхідних навиків у працівників на 6-9 відсоткових пунктів пояснює гендерні розриви у заробітній платі [5].…”

Section: літературний оглядunclassified

Analysis of institutional factors that cause gender pay gaps in Ukraine

Tsymbaliuk

Volkovska

2021

Social and labour relations: theory and practice

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Despite Ukraine’s commitments regarding non-discrimination and ensuring gender equality, the issue of gender pay gaps remains relevant. The aim of the study is to identify factors that cause gender pay gaps and assess their impact on wage differences at the institutional level in Ukraine. Based on the generalization of the research results, macroeconomic and microeconomic approaches to the grouping of factors that cause gender pay gaps have been identified. Based on the analysis of statistical data, it has been determined that gender occupational segregation exists in Ukraine, as most women work in low-wage economic activities; women are more likely to lead businesses with a lower level of wages. As the result of the assessment of the impact of various factors on wage differences, it has been found that gender pay gaps are the smallest in the public sector. Part-time employment in 2018 affected gender pay gaps by 3.8%. Based on the correlation factor analysis, the positive impact of increasing the minimum wage and innovative development on reducing gender pay gaps has been substantiated. The hypothesis regarding the impact of collective bargaining on gender pay gaps at the organizational level has been refuted. Promising measures have been identified that would help to create equal opportunities and reduce gender pay gaps, and thus to fulfill Ukraine’s commitments in the context of European integration.

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“…Addison et al, 2020; McGuinness and Sloane, 2011), evidence is scant in Europe (e.g. Allen and van der Velden, 2001; Christl and Köppl–Turyna, 2020). Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, European evidence is based on single-case studies that draw on a limited set of countries and load on different data, methodologies, and overall study designs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of overeducation and horizontal mismatch for gender inequalities in labor income of higher education graduates in Europe

Passaretta

Sauer

Schwabe

et al. 2023

Research in Comparative and International Education

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Evidence on gender inequality in the labor market is extensive. However, little is known about the potential role of overeducation and horizontal mismatch in explaining women’s labor-market disadvantages. We draw on recent data from the Eurograduate pilot survey to investigate the role of overeducation, field-of-study mismatch and field-specific overskilling for gender gaps in labor income in the European landscape. We found considerable variations in the extent of both gender earning gaps (GEGs) and wage gaps (GWGs) across countries. However, our decomposition analyses show that neither overeducation nor horizontal mismatch contribute to explaining these gender gaps. The lack of mediation seems related to either the absence of gender differences in overeducation and horizontal mismatch, or to the nonexistence of income penalties associated with the mismatch.

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Gender wage gap and the role of skills and tasks: evidence from the Austrian PIAAC data set

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Twenty-First Century Skills for All: Adults and Problem Solving in Technology Rich Environments

Twenty-First Century Skills for All: Adults and Problem Solving in Technology Rich Environments

Analysis of institutional factors that cause gender pay gaps in Ukraine

The role of overeducation and horizontal mismatch for gender inequalities in labor income of higher education graduates in Europe

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