Gender Type and Comfort with Cross-Dressers

Ceglian, Cindi M. Penor; Lyons, Nancy

doi:10.1023/b:sers.0000023073.99146.2d

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Participant's gender continues to be a strong predictor of prejudicial attitudes. Men's general and attractiveness/relationship evaluations and transphobia scores were more negative than women's, confirming other research on attitudes toward transpeople (Antoszewski et al 2007;Ceglian and Lyons 2004;Claman 2007;Hill and Willoughby 2005;Landén and Innala 2000;Leitenberg and Slavin 1983;Nagoshi et al 2008;Tee and Hegarty 2006;Winter et al 2008) and paralleling the findings on sexual prejudice toward gay men and lesbian women (Ellis et al 2003;Herek 1988Herek , 2000aHerek , b, 2002Nagoshi et al 2008;Schope and Eliason 2004). However, with one exception to be addressed later, neither gender of the transsexual, nor the interaction between gender of the transsexual and participant's gender, was predictive of negative evaluations of the transsexual character.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In fact, early research on attitudes toward transsexual people focused on MTF transsexuals (e.g., Kando 1972), leaving a void of information on FTM transsexuals (Green 2005). However, findings suggest that men are more prejudiced against feminine-acting boys or men than masculine-acting boys or men (Blashill and Powlishta 2009;Lobel 1994), and men are more uncomfortable than women around male cross-dressers (Ceglian and Lyons 2004). Furthermore, people tend to have more prejudicial views toward boys or men who exhibit non-traditional gender characteristics than girls or women who do the same (Sandnabba and Ahlberg 1999;Winter et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Compared to heterosexual women, heterosexual men show higher levels of prejudice towards people who do not conform to norms for gendered behavior, including homosexual people (Ellis et al 2003;Herek 1988Herek , 2000aHerek , b, 2002Nagoshi et al 2008;Schope and Eliason 2004) and transpeople in Poland (Antoszewski et al 2007), the United Kingdom (Tee and Hegarty 2006), Hong Kong (Winter et al 2008), Sweden (Landén and Innala 2000), Canada (Hill and Willoughby 2005), and the United States (Ceglian and Lyons 2004;Claman 2007;Leitenberg and Slavin 1983;Nagoshi et al 2008). According to social categorization theory, one motive for prejudice is to control anxiety that arises from perceived threats to one's group identity from an outgroup, whether those threats are "tangible or symbolic" (Fiske 2005, p. 45;Yzerbyt and Corneille 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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There’s More Than Meets the Eye: Facial Appearance and Evaluations of Transsexual People

Gerhardstein

Anderson

2010

Sex Roles

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Recent events have drawn attention to the prejudice and discrimination faced by transpeople; however, there is limited research on attitudes toward transpeople. We studied the effects of facial appearance on the evaluations of transsexuals in 239 heterosexual undergraduate students from the midwestern United States. Men had significantly more negative evaluations than women. The gender of the transsexual (male-to-female or female-to-male) had limited effects on evaluations; however, the transsexual whose facial appearance was congruent with their desired gender was perceived as more attractive than the transsexual whose facial appearance was incongruent. Negative evaluations were correlated with higher levels of transphobia and sexual prejudice. Further investigation is needed on the factors that influence prejudicial attitudes toward transpeople, including physical appearance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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There’s More Than Meets the Eye: Facial Appearance and Evaluations of Transsexual People

Gerhardstein

Anderson

2010

Sex Roles

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“…Previous work consistently found that males were significantly more transphobic than females [7,10,18,20,27,34,35,37,42,43,52,53,56,58], and that male violations from societal gender norms evoke stronger negative reactions than female violations [38,39,49,58]. Baiocco et al [3] observed that females were reported to have a higher percentage of cross-gender best friends than males.…”

Section: Transphobia In Malesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Stones

2016

Gend. Issues

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We enumerate 1035 user comments from 190 online articles to gauge public opinion about safety and privacy when transgender women use female bathrooms. In these comments, we find that cisgender males are around 1.559 as likely to express concern about safety and privacy as cisgender females. Moreover, we find that when expressing concern (a) cisgender females are around 49 as likely as cisgender males to assert that transgender women do not directly cause their safety and privacy concerns, typically emphasizing their concerns are about 'perverts' posing as transgender females, and (b) cisgender males are around 1.59 as likely as cisgender females to assert that transgender females directly cause their safety and privacy concerns. We theorize that the heightened concern seen in males in these comments stems from them being more likely to view transgender females not as females, but as males who are lying or mistaken about their gender, and consequently they view themselves as protecting females from these males intruding into private, female-only spaces. This may be further exacerbated by a fear of deception and a belief that transgender people are mentally ill or 'sick'.

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“…Additional links have been found between homophobia and attitudes to abortion, religiosity, political ideology, educational level and age (Hicks and Lee 2006). Transphobia is linked to heterosexism, authoritarianism, essentialist views of sex (Tee and Hegarty 2006), gendertyping (Ceglian and Lyons 2004), tolerance for gender nonconformity in children, and perhaps unsurprising, attitudes towards homosexuals (Hill and Willoughby 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Measuring Hong Kong Undergraduate Students’ Attitudes Towards Transpeople

2008

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Hill and Willoughby's (Sex Roles, 53:531-544, 2005) Genderism and Transphobia Scale (GTS), originally developed in Canada, was examined with a Hong Kong sample. Undergraduate students, 82 female and 121 male (total n = 203), completed a Chinese version of the instrument. Overall scores and factor structure of the Hong Kong sample were compared with Hill and Willoughby's Canadian data. Gender differences in transphobia were investigated, both in terms of the participants' gender as well as the gender of the gender variant persons to whom GTS items referred. Transphobia was higher in Hong Kong than in Canada. The factor structure for Hong Kong differed from Canada. Five factors were identified (with a gender effect on Factors II and V). They were: I, Anti Sissy Prejudice; II, Anti Trans Violence; III, Trans Unnaturalness; IV, Trans Immorality; and V, Background Genderism. Hong Kong men were more transphobic than women. Gender variance in men was viewed less favourably than in women.

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Gender Type and Comfort with Cross-Dressers

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

There’s More Than Meets the Eye: Facial Appearance and Evaluations of Transsexual People

There’s More Than Meets the Eye: Facial Appearance and Evaluations of Transsexual People

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Measuring Hong Kong Undergraduate Students’ Attitudes Towards Transpeople

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